Lecanora subjaponica L. Lü & H. Y. Wang from western China is described as new to science. It is the only known Lecanora species having (16–)32-spored asci and it is otherwise characterized by an epruinose, shiny brown apothecial disc, epihymenium lacking granules and the presence of zeorin in addition to atranorin. A worldwide key to the multispored species of Lecanora is also given.