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English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) encounters are often characterised by innovative but non-canonical syntactic constructions. This has frequently led to ELF being dismissed as a simplified learner code, a topic for English language teaching rather than linguistics. However, ELF interactions can also be understood as contact situations in which non-canonical syntactic structures could be the result of dynamic restructuring and might even constitute a preferred and conscious choice. This study aims to bring this idea to a test. Focusing on minus-plural marking in spoken Asian and European ELF, as represented in the Asian Corpus of English (ACE) and the Vienna-Oxford International Corpus of English (VOICE), we investigate whether non-canonical constructions might be the result of typological pressure, i.e., whether they are selected over canonical structures because of their dominance in the linguistic ecology of the speech situation. The study at hand extends previous analyses by applying sophisticated statistical methodology to variation in the (non-)realisation of plural markers in ELF. In the theoretical context of the volume, the chapter addresses the question in which sense minus-features can be considered ‘canonical’ or ‘non-canonical’ in ELF based on their individual frequency and, by extension, their systematicity across ELF conversations.
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