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Edited by
James Ip, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London,Grant Stuart, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London,Isabeau Walker, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London,Ian James, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London
The neonatal period marks the transition from prenatal to postnatal life. This transition is characterised by rapid physiological change and neurodevelopmental plasticity. Anaesthesia, surgery and perioperative events have the potential to trigger long-lasting adverse outcomes. Understanding the changes that occur in the neonatal period is the key to delivering safe and effective care. In this chapter, we consider the development of major organ systems in utero, the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life and aspects of newborn physiology relevant to the paediatric anaesthetist. We will also address the continuing debate regarding the potential for anaesthesia exposure in infancy to lead to persistent neurocognitive impairment.
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