The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of individual affective temperaments as clinical predictors of bipolarity in the clinical setting.

The affective temperaments of 1723 consecutive adult outpatients presenting for various symptoms to a university-based mental health clinical setting were assessed. Patients were administered the Hypomania Checklist-32 and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego – Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A) and were diagnosed by psychiatrists according to the DSM-5 criteria. TEMPS-A scores were studied as both continuous and normalized categorical z-scores from a previously established nationwide study on the general population of Lebanon. Simple and multiple binary logistic regressions were done on patients who have any of the DSM-5 defined bipolar types, as a combined group or separately, versus patients without any bipolar diagnosis.

At the multivariable level and taking into account all temperaments, the irritable temperament is a consistent predictor of bipolar I and bipolar II disorders. Cyclothymic temperament also played a strong role in bipolarity but more decisively so in bipolar II and substance-induced bipolarity. The hyperthymic temperament had no role in bipolar I or bipolar II disorder.

Akiskal proposed the bipolar spectrum concept with the aim of including those patients with atypical depressive presentations and mood temperaments. Also Koukopoulos accepted this proposal in those patients with poor response to antidepressants or highly recurrent course. Concretely bipolar disorder type IV was defined as clinical depression based on a lifelong hyperthymic temperament. Some years after DSM-III several experts in bipolar disorder continued in this work line even though DSM-IV and most recent DSM-V not considered to include this concept as a new diagnostic category.

To present a theoretical and practical review about bipolar spectrum and its relationship with hyperthymic traits.

We carry out a literature review about bipolar spectrum, accompanied by the clinical description of one patient with major depressive disorder and hyperthymic traits base.

45 years old female referred to our outpatient mental health service after episode of voluntary drug overdose. She presented long evolution depressive symptoms (sadness, apathy, anhedonia, anergy, irritability, anxiety, emotional lability, early awakening, social withdrawal, self-care neglect, hopelessness, cognitive failures, guilt feelings and death ideas) with onset in postpartum. She reported a previous depressive episode 9 years ago with good response to fluoxetine. Hyperthimic traits were described but no history of manic symptoms. An erratic evolution was observed with various antidepressant treatment and finally improved adding mood stabilizer.

We must propose to consider the diagnosis of bipolar spectrum in order to treat effectively patients with major depression dissorder and hyperthymic temperament in absence of manic symptoms.

No significant relationships.