We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
To save content items to your account,
please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies.
If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account.
Find out more about saving content to .
To save content items to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org
is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings
on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part
of your Kindle email address below.
Find out more about saving to your Kindle.
Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations.
‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi.
‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.
Is logic intrinsically normative? Given that we often make errors in reasoning, one might hold that logic is not about how we do think but about how we ought to think. However, logical laws say nothing about thinking. How does logic gain normative traction on psychological processes such as belief formation or reasoning? To answer this question, the chapter begins by examining the debate between descriptivists, who hold that logic simply describes truth-preserving entailment relations, and normativists, who hold that logic is intrinsically normative. Husserl was a descriptivist, and Heidegger’s early work follows him. But Heidegger’s phenomenological account of the truth-predicate as grounded in the comportment of assertion, and his analysis of the “hermeneutic as” that grounds such comportment, affords a different perspective on the debate. Logic provides constitutive norms for the practice of reason-giving, a kind of rationality – being answerable to others – that is not an essential property of, but is nevertheless demanded by, Dasein’s being as “care.” The chapter concludes by showing how Heidegger’s phenomenological approach can affirm the main claims of descriptivism while insisting that “the reign of logic” in philosophy “disintegrates into the turbulence of a more original questioning.”
Comportment can be understood through analysis of its individual components: insight, judgment, self-awareness, social adaptation, and empathy. The case of Phineas Gage has served as the guiding compass towards our understanding of the prefrontal cortex as a region critical for comportment. Modern neuroimaging using the skull of Gage has shown bihemispheric prefrontal lesions involving the orbitofrontal cortex, the medial frontal cortex, and the anterior cingulate gyrus. A variety of diseases that preferentially affect the prefrontal cortex and that result in increased aggression, loss of empathy, and disinhibition have provided neurologists with insight into the brain structures responsible for comportment. This chapter discusses the pathogenesis of developmental disorders such as autism and Asperger's Syndrome (AS), degenerative processes such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD), physical injury to the prefrontal cortex, and schizophrenia as well as relevant functional neuroimaging studies.
Recommend this
Email your librarian or administrator to recommend adding this to your organisation's collection.