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1 results

  • 4 - Bipolar Junction Transistors

  • Dennis L. Eggleston, Occidental College, Los Angeles
  • Book:
    Basic Electronics for Scientists and Engineers
    Published online:
    23 December 2025
    Print publication:
    20 November 2025, pp 119-151

  • Summary

    The bipolar junction transistor is introduced and its operation is explained. DC and switching applications are given. The need for DC biasing for AC amplification is illustrated and then satisfied by the Universal DC bias circuit. The thermal stability of this circuit is discussed and resulting constraints on resistor selection are developed. Amplifier gain, input impedance, and output impedance are defined and their usefulness is explained. The AC equivalents for the bipolar transistor are developed and then used to derive the properties of the common-emitter, common-collector, and common-base amplifiers. The concepts of distortion and feedback are introduced.