This chapter examines the treatment of organized migration in France following the signing of the Treaty of Rome. In the same way that workers of Algerian origin were denied the right to free movement as workers, workers from the former colonies of the French imperial space were subjected to treatment reflecting their former status as indigenous workers. One illustration is the case of the Chibani, a group of older North African workers hired by the thousands by the French national railway company (SNCF) in the three decades following the Second World War. Throughout their careers, these workers had an insecure status under which they were not entitled to the same treatment as their French counterparts. Key to their discriminatory treatment was the so-called nationality clause, designed to establish a national preference. By making workers’ enjoyment of basic social rights dependent on their nationality, this discriminatory system put in place by the SNCF with the active support of the French and Moroccan governments persisted even as the European Convention on Human Rights, the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU, and the Race Equality Directive entered into force in France.