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  • Chapter 110 - Physical Appearance Perfectionism Scale (PAPS)

  • Edited by Virginia Ramseyer Winter, University of Minnesota, Tracy L. Tylka, Ohio State University, Antoinette M. Landor, University of Missouri
  • Book:
    Handbook of Body Image-Related Measures
    Published online:
    21 November 2025
    Print publication:
    20 November 2025, pp 326-327

  • Summary

    The 12-item Physical Appearance Perfectionism Scale (PAPS; Yang & Stoeber, 2012) assesses a person’s concerns about and hopes for a perfect physical appearance. The PAPS can be administered online or in-person to adolescents and adults and is free to use. This chapter first discusses the development of the PAPS and then provides evidence of its psychometrics. More specifically, the PAPS has been found to have a 2-factor structure (Worry About Imperfection, Hope For Perfection) within exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and evidence has supported its invariance across gender. Internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity support the use of the PAPS. Next, this chapter provides the PAPS items in their entirety, instructions for administering the PAPS to participants, item response scale, and scoring procedure. Links to known translations are provided. Logistics of use, such as permissions, copyright, and contact information, are provided for readers.