This is the first record of an octopus (Octopus insularis) being followed by a Lutjanus species (Lutjanus jocu). The interaction was observed within the limits of the Fernando de Noronha Marine National Park, north-western Brazil and lasted for approximately 30 minutes, covering a distance of 40 metres. Similar food preferences and benthic foraging habits between the species appear to have motivated the occurrence of this behaviour.