This chapter explores various aspects of lab-based research and considers its merits and limitations. We begin with a discussion and definition of lab-based research, considering not only the research venue, the instructor, and the instructional tasks, distinguishing amongst three types of research contexts: lab, classroom with intervention, and classroom without intervention. This differentiation is important in understanding the continuous nature of corrective feedback studies, ranging from lab-based to classroom-based. We further differentiate studies based on the amount of manipulation that is involved, with lab study and classroom intervention studies being characterized by manipulation and nonintervention classroom studies characterized by not having manipulation. We discuss a variety of lab-based studies where there are different degrees of researcher control, illustrating a wide range of research types. Finally, in this chapter we present results from meta-analyses that compare lab-based corrective feedback studies with classroom studies showing greater evidence of the effectiveness of corrective feedback in lab-based studies. Future directions for research in corrective feedback in classroom- versus lab-based studies are outlined.