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  • 8 - From Tribal Chiefs to Marxist Activists

  • from Part II - Regional Political Developments and the Kurds in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries
  • Edited by Hamit Bozarslan, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, Cengiz Gunes, The Open University, Milton Keynes, Veli Yadirgi, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
  • Book:
    The Cambridge History of the Kurds
    Published online:
    13 April 2021
    Print publication:
    22 April 2021, pp 229-249

  • Summary

    This chapter discuss the emergence of a Kurdish student youth and its projection in a decolonization scheme, along with the development and diffusion of new means of communication enabling the different parts of Kurdistan to get more connected. Many developments of the further decade have their roots in the 1946–75 period. Before 1946, the Kurdish movement relied on tribal networks, and it was embedded in rural societies. The founding of the Kurdish Republic of Mahabad, although its resonance was limited, was a milestone. It was the first attempt to give the Kurds a territorial state and build unity among different parts of Kurdistan. In 1975, Kurdish demands in Iraq and Turkey were inspired by Marxism, even if tribal figures remain stark. The period between 1946 and 1975, therefore, is a transition period where new actors - urban dwellers, student youth - and new discourses - from the quest for a state to the quest for universal emancipation through cultural rights for the Kurds - emerged.