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2 results

  • 2 - From Constantine to Justinian

  • from Part I - Christendom and Empire
  • Edited by Joëlle Rollo-Koster, University of Rhode Island, Robert A. Ventresca, King’s University College at Western University, Melodie H. Eichbauer, Florida Gulf Coast University, Miles Pattenden, University of Oxford
  • Book:
    The Cambridge History of the Papacy
    Published online:
    28 February 2025
    Print publication:
    20 March 2025, pp 56-80

  • Summary

    Three factors – Rome’s peripheral position, its rivalry with other sees, and the role of Roman aristocrats – shaped the ecclesiastical policy of the popes in late antiquity. Their claims to ecclesiastical authority across the empire were based on the reputation of the City of Rome. In addition, the Petrine tradition became crucial for the representation of late antique popes. From an Eastern perspective, however, they were no more than the patriarchs of the West. As they were not under the direct grip of the emperor, the popes possessed more agency than Eastern bishops, but this made it more difficult for them to influence imperial politics directly. Therefore, they composed treatises about the relationship between emperor and bishop, which answered concrete challenges, but were interpreted as fundamental texts later. In retrospect and in retrospect only, late antique papacy was the first step of a scale towards universal papacy.

  • 16 - JEROME AS BIBLICAL SCHOLAR

  • from V - THE BIBLE IN THE EARLY CHURCH
  • Edited by P. R. Ackroyd, C. F. Evans
  • Book:
    The Cambridge History of the Bible
    Published online:
    28 March 2008
    Print publication:
    01 April 1970, pp 510-541

  • Summary

    Jerome was the greatest biblical scholar of the early Church. Jerome's own first 'little work' was a commentary on Obadiah. From Constantinople Paulinus and Jerome went on to Rome, together with Epiphanius, bishop of Salamis in Cyprus, to take part in the council held by Damasus in 382. Jerome lectured on scripture daily and wrote continuously. Didymus' treatise On the Holy Spirit was translated, as were also more of Origen's biblical homilies. Jerome started on a revision of the Old Latin Old Testament and became increasingly concerned to secure the best Septuagint texts obtainable on which to base it. The Hebraica veritas influenced Jerome in one direction namely, in his view of the extent of the Old Testament Canon. Jerome's major contribution as a biblical commentator was the series of commentaries on the Old Testament prophets who provided him with a practically unworked field.