Abbreviations

AEED

Assessoria Especial de Enfrentamento à Desinformação

AI

artificial intelligence

ARSP

algorithmic recommendation service providers

BCBS

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision

BRICS

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa

CAC

Cyberspace Administration of China

CCAC

Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission

CCP

Chinese Communist Party

CD

compact disk

CDC

Código de Defesa do Consumido

CFR

Charter of Fundamental Rights

CFTC

Commodity Futures Trading Commission

CGI

computer-generated imagery

CJEU

Court of Justice of the European Union

CSAM

child sexual abuse material

CVE

countering violent extremism

DMA

Digital Markets Act

DMCA

Digital Millennium Copyright Act

DPDP

Digital Personal Data Protection Bill

DSA

Digital Services Act

DSC

digital services coordinator

ECD

e-commerce directive

ECPA

Electronic Communications Privacy Act

EMIR

European Market Infrastructure Regulation

ESMA

European Securities and Markets Authority

EU

European Union

FATF

Financial Action Task Force

FCTC

Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

FOSTA

Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act

FSB

Financial Stability Board

GAC

Grievance Appellate Committee

GATT

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

GCIG

Global Commission on Internet Governance

GDP

gross domestic product

GDPR

General Data Protection Regulation

GIFCT

Global Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism

IAP

internet access provider

ICANN

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

IGO

international governmental organization

IHR

International Health Regulations

IISP

internet information service provider

IMF

International Monetary Fund

INIS

Internet News Information Service

IOSCO

International Organization of Securities Commissions

IP

internet protocol

IPC

Indian Penal Code

IPPPR

Independent Panel on Pandemic Preparedness and Response

ISC

International Sanitary Conference

ISIS

Islamic State of Iraq and Syria

ISP

internet service provider

IT

information technology

ITU

International Telecommunications Union

MEITY

Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

MIIT

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

MPS

Ministry of Public Security

MRA

Mutual Recognition Agreement

NAFTA

North American Free Trade Agreement

NetzDG

German Network Enforcement Act

NGO

nongovernmental organization

NPPA

National Press and Publication Administration

NRTA

National Radio and Television Administration

OECD

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

OHCHR

Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights

OTC

over-the-counter

P2P

peer-to-peer

PD

publicity department

PEPFAR

President’s Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief

PHEIC

public health emergency of international concern

PIP

pandemic influenza preparedness

PIPL

personal information protection law

RARIIS

Regulation on Algorithmic Recommendation of Internet Information Services

RGOIE

Regulation on Governance of Online Information Ecology

RIIS

Regulation on Internet Information Services

RINIS

Regulation on Internet News Information Services

SARS

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

SESTA

Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act

SPS

sanitary and phytosanitary measures

SSMI

significant social media intermediaries

TBT

technical barriers to trade

TCO

terrorist content online

TFEU

Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union

ToS

terms of service

TRIPS

trade related intellectual property rights

TRN

Transnational Regulatory Network

UDAP

unfair or deceptive acts or practices

UGC

user-generated content

UN

United Nations

UNESCO

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

URL

uniform resource locator

USC

United States Code

USMCA

United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement

VLOP

very large online platform

VLOSE

very large online search engines

VPN

virtual private network

WHO

World Health Organization

WTO

World Trade Organization