Index
“Africa and the Iron Curtain,” 24
“Agricultural Programme For The Workers Brigade,” 195
AATUF, 252
Abaka-Wook, O. S., 96
Ablakwa, Samuel Okudzeto, 275
Ableist Foundation of Socialist Development,
Abossey Okai Parts Market, protests in, 284
Acquah, Kweku Budu, 206
Addison, Kodwo, 208,
Adegbite, Victor, 60
Adisadel College, 212
Adjetey, Cornelius Francis, 36
Afari, Boahene Yeboa, 46
Aferi, 129
African agency
and contested implementation,
in socialist thought,
African criminality, 151
African liberation military training camps, 268
African men in the Eastern Bloc, violence against, , 139
African National Congress (ANC), 251
African Socialism, 202
definitional ambiguity, 226
as inadvertent racism,
as a neocolonial conspiracy,
radical Ghanaian socialist critique, ,
vs socialism in Africa,
and Western academic conspiracy, 226
African Studies Institute at the University of Ghana, 205
African Ways to Socialism Conference, 225
Afriyie, Owusu,
Afro-Asian Solidary Conference, 76
Aggrey, James Kwegyir, Dr., 171
Aggrey Memorial Zion Secondary School, 212
Agyeman, Harold Adlai, 277
Aidoo, G., 96
Akan-speaking regions, 19
Akufo-Addo, Nana, 277
Akuse Cane Sugar project, 194
Alabama, anti-Black racism in, 141
Al-Hassan, Susanna, 254
All-African People’s Conference (AAPC), 43
Alliance of Sahelian states, 283
Aluminum Limited Company, 183
American media on Ghana economic policies, 182
American replacement of Soviet projects, 80
American Rockefeller Brothers Fund, 183
Amiah, J. K., 156
Amnesty International, 282
Amoa-Awuah, K., , 105
Amoako-Atta, R. O., 56
Ampaw, A. B., 158
Ampratwum-Sarpong, Kwaku, 276
Ankrah, Joseph Arthur, 2
Annan, C. K.,
Annoh-Apremsem, R., 208
anticolonial boycotts, 10
anti-inflation campaign, 35
anti-worker violence,
apartheid, 251
Appeadu, K. K., 112
Appiah, Joe, 244
Appiah, Johnson D. K., 143
archive, postcolonial African,
Arden-Clarke, Charles,
Arkoah, Araba Maame, Dr., 275
Armah, Kwesi, 137
Asafo Companies, 259
Asafu-Adjaye, E. O., 47
Asamany, Regina,
Asare, B.,
Ashanin, C. B., Dr., 59
Ashanti Goldfield Company, 188
Ashun, I. B., 263
Asumda, A., 102
Attipoe, Patrick, 36
Atuapem, Kwame, 207
Avoidance of Discrimination Acts, 124
Awoonor-Renner, Bankole, 35,
“Black Atlantic,” 24
“Black Imperialism,” 108
“Black Marxism,” 24
“Black Peril,”
Baako, Kofi, 52, 60, 205, 227, 231, 249, 259
on Western scholars writing about socialism in Africa, 226
Baku, Kofi, 37
Balewa, Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa, 252
Bank of England, 13
Barabaschev, George, Dr., 233
Barclays Bank, 10
Barden, A. K., 51
Baryen, J. B., 107
Bassit, Inusah Abdul, 272
Bawumia, Mahamudu, 281
Bazoum, Mohamed, 283
BBC Network of Africa, 187
Benediktov, Ivan, 29
Berrier, Hilarie Du, 43
Bertelsen, P. H., 215
Bibochkin, A. M., 102
Black independence, precariousness of,
Black racial community, diasporic agitations in,
Black sovereignty, 9,
Boateng, Edmund Agyemang, 284
Bobbie-Ansah, Phillip, 274
Bolshevik Revolution, 21,
Bonne, Nii Kwabena, 35
Botchwey, Shirley Ayorkor,
Boulay, R. W. H. du, 73
Braimah, J. A., 108
Brezhnev, Leonid, 58
Bridgefy App, 275
British conservative press
on Ghana’s economic policies,
British Crown Agents, 185
British Guiana,
British Labour Party, 181
British propaganda, 74
Brong Ahafo region, 83
Broz, Madam, 43
Brykin, Vladimir A., 57
Bukharin, Nikolai, 169
Bulganin, Nikolai, 42
Bulgaria
systematic discrimination and violence,
Burkina Faso, 283
Bursey, M. B., 183
Cabral, Amilcar, 192
Carritt, Michael, 179
China, 280
Christian nationalism and socialism,
Christiansborg Castle, mass mobilization towards, 35
citizenship, see also Ghana, socialist citizen formation
claims,
eligibility for Ghanaian,
gendered Ghanaian, 122
cocoa production in Ghana, 10, 45, 52, 185, 220
“restrictions,” 188
in Colonial Ghana, 222
exports, 98
workers in, 238
Coffie-Crabbe, 140
collective bargaining,
Colombo Conference, 76
colonial intellectual freedom, 202
colonial legacy of labor internationalization,
commercial spaces, 195
Commission of Enquiry, 179
communism, 20,
Communist International (Comintern), 176
Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB), 179
Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA), 33
Communist University of the Toilers of the East (KUTV), 175
Consolidated African Selection Trust, 188
consumerism, 195
Convention People’s Party (CPP), 37, 123, 180, 203, 233, 254, 281
corruption in, 227
socialist theorists, 231
study group, 215
corruption and socialism,
Criminal Investigation Department (CIDPOL), 253
Cudjo, J. E., 104
Curtis Candy Company, 183
“Dollar Area,” 193
Dagomba (ethnic group), 108
Daily Mail (newspaper), 39
Daily Telegraph (newspaper), 9
Daily Worker (newspaper), 179
Dakar Conference,
Danquah, J. B., 35
Darko, F. E., 106
Dawn Broadcast speech, 228
Democratic Republic of Congo, 53
demonpolization of the Ghanaian economy,
Dickson, Charles De Graft, 129
diplomatic sensitivity around atheism, 233
Donkor, M. A.,
Drake, Clair, St., 40
Du Bois, 178
Duah, George Kwaku, 229
East Berlin Communist Radio,
Ebony (magazine), 184
economic justice and right
and racial citizenship, 155
Educational Institutions Workers’ Union, 256
Elder Dempster Agencies Limited, 241
Ellender, Allen J., 9
Embil, J. E. A., 88
Enlai, Zhou, 76
Ennison, Thomas, 150
environmental waste issue, 95
espionage networks in Ghana
Western nations,
Ethiopian Student Association North America (ESANA), 143
ethnolinguistic opposition to nation building, 123
Europeans residing in Ghana, 149
Ewart-Biggs, C. T. E., 73
female employment, , 245
Fenton, Rickson, 86
Fianoo, Stephen, 107
Financial Times, 188
First, Ruth, 192
Flake, Wilson, 187
Fleming, Bob, 183
Ford, James, 175
Frafra, Abolga,
Ga Adangme Shifimo Kpee, 123
GA Standfast Association, 123
Gagarin, Yuri, 59
gender
diversity in socialist making spaces,
and labor control,
gendered Ghanaian citizenship, 122
gendered rehabilitation,
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), 188
Getachew, Adom, 6
Ghana, 281
Africanization of bureaucratic apparatus, 125
agency,
Black political-economic independence, 13
British officials and technicians in, 101
broader Africanization agenda, 113
building on indigenous knowledge systems, 100
condemning Russia for invading Ukraine, 276
continuity of protest culture,
countering colonial indoctrination,
decolonizing scientific and technical narratives,
disabled citizens and economic development,
early foreign policies and Padmore,
economic pragmatism vs. ideological burden-sharing,
economic sovereignty through partnership,
exports, 280
global socialist learning and local adaptation,
history, 3
ideological disillusionment with socialist claims,
ideological shifts and developmental goals,
independence movement, beginning of,
internal colonial logic vs. international anti-colonial positioning,
labor and Black liberation,
migratory patterns in colonised, 83
military regime, 268
multi-partner approach, 71
nation building,
national identity and solidarity,
parliamentary delegation to Soviet Georgia, 59
policy of Black sovereignty,
postcolonial economic strategy, , 165
religion and socialism,
role as a global socialist intellectual hub,
seeking foreign capital, 243
socialism’s moral and transformative mission in,
socialist knowledge making,
socialist reconstruction and Black freedom,
solidarity with Palestinians, 282
systematic misinterpretation of economic policy,
universal condemnation of White supremacy,
workers as the Foundation of Liberation, 236
Ghana Airways, 68
Ghana Child Care Society, 262
Ghana Cripples Aid Society, 262
Ghana Employers Association, 286
Ghana Fishing Corporation, 268
Ghana National Act of 1961, 122
Ghana National Construction Corporation (GNCC), 97
Ghana Nationality and Citizenship Act, 121
Ghana Rural Corporation, 256
Ghana School of Law Employees, 256
Ghana Society for the Blind, 262
Ghana Society for the Deaf, 262
Ghana Soviet development schemes
contested liberation and freedom zones,
cotton independence,
introduction,
leveraging Soviet technical and industrial cooperation,
mineral independnece,
Soviet families and experts in Ghana,
Soviet quality and goods,
Ghana Soviet relations
anticipatory blame deflection and mutual distrust,
beginning of, ,
cultural and educational exchange,
cultural and educational expansion,
disillusionment among Northern Ghanaians,
distinguishing Soviets from Western powers,
economic and technical cooperation,
geographic parameters of, 7
introduction,
in late twentieth century,
personal diplomacy and gift exchange,
in the post-Soviet era,
practical challenges,
reciprocal knowledge exchange,
security cooperation amid violence, 73
and SGST project,
socialist knowledge making in,
Soviet textile cotton mill,
technical cooperation agreements, 125
trade,
trust and authenticity concerns,
Western anxiety and interpretations of,
Ghana Students’ Association of the Americas, 143
Ghana Students’ Union,
Ghana Technical Education Section, 146
Ghana Times (newspaper), 136
Ghana United Africa Company Workers Union, 244
Ghana, anticolonial strategy
cotton independence as,
mineral independence as,
Ghana, socialist citizen formation
continental vision through language strategy, 210
decentralized intellectual infrastructure,
educational and ideological infrastructure,
gender diversity,
internal tensions and unity management, 206
practical challenges and ambitious scope,
socialists teachings in schools,
as state project,
Ghana-Soviet Friendship Society, 233
Ghanaian embassy
diplomatic powerlessness, 25,
solidarity with its citizens, , 161
in Switzerland, 274
violence against, 144
Ghanaian government
capital seeking,
demonpolization of the Ghanaian economy,
multi-directional capital seeking,
socialist state capitalism, 198
tax-friendly policies,
Ghanaian media
celebration and national pride,
criticisms of economic policies,
and literary circulation,
response and national solidarity,
selective historical narrative, 86
shifting response, 147
socialist transformation of Ghana, 204
Glasgow Herald, 168
Gliksten (West Africa) Limited Company, 152
Gold Coast Leader, 159
Gold Coast Native Institutions: With Thoughts Upon a Healthy Imperial Policy for the Gold Coast and Ashanti (Hayford), 221
Goloubkov, A., 111
Gonja, Mama, 229
Guevara, Che, 192
Hamburg Committee, 175
Hammarskjold, Dag, 56
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 223
Henry J. Kaiser Company, 183
Heros Textile Factory, 87
Hinden, Rita, 180
Hoffman, C. S.,
How Russia Transformed Her Colonial Empire: A Challenge to Imperialist (Padmores), 176
Howard, John, Sir, 231
Howe, Russell Warren, 9
Huang Hua, 215
Hughes, C. F., 69
hymns,
“Iron Curtain Countries,” 194
Imodu, S., 252
Imray, Colin, 35
Independent United Labour Congress of Nigeria, 252
Industrial Rehabilitation Unit, 261
Institute of Public Education, 227
Institute of Social Sciences, 269
intellectual decolonization and knowledge access,
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 285
International Trade Union Committee of Negro Workers (ITUCNW), 175
Iskra (newspaper), 213
Israel, spying on Ghana, 129
Ita, Eyo, 38
Ivliev, V. G.,
J. Morin & Co, 184
Jacques, Rabemananjara, 219
Jamaican Solomon Armstrong Company, 86
James, C. L. R., 6, 51, 141, , 174, 189, 266
Nkrumah and the Ghana Revolution (James), 171
State Capitalism and World Revolution (James), 168
World Revolution: The Rise and Fall of the Communist International (James), 168
Jantuah, Kwame, 52
Jolaoso, Olujimi, 115
JoyNews (television station), 275
Kalmoni & Co. Workers’ Union,
Kazakhstan, 33
Keita, Modibo, 231
Kennedy, John Fitzgerald, Jr., 183
Kenyatta, Jomo, 39
Kislev, 66
Kobina-Woode, Anthony, 192
Koinage, (Mbiyu), 39
Komsomolskaya Pravda (newspaper), 138
Koranteng, Seth, 272
Korsah, Arku, 140
Kumasi Shoe Factory, 281
Kun, H. E. Lu, 280
KUTV, 177
Kwame Nkrumah Ideological Institute at Winneba, 201,
Kwame Nkrumah Trust, 262
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, 124
Kwateng, K. A., 256
Kyem, K. Gyemu, 206
labor, see also workers
demonizing,
and laziness,
nation building and volunteer,
organised, 286
and self-help projects,
Labor Acts and Amendments, 248
Labor and Criminal Acts and Amendments, 248
Labor and the Criminal Codes,
Labour (magazine), 239
Lamm, Donald, 48
Lamptey, Odartey, 36
Lawrence, Steve, 250
Lenin, Vladimir, 3, 33, 166, , 177, , 189, , 213, 267
Imperialism, 170
Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism, 181
Lenin Peace Prize, 70
Leninism, , 176
State and Revolution, 170
Vladimir I. Lenin: A Political Biography, 181
Lewis, W. Arthur, Sir, 185
Loft, George, 51
Lu Igbo Nigerian associations, 273
Mahama, Francis Y., 272
Maisky, Ivan, 178
Makarov, N. A., 46
Makonnen, T. Ras, 205
Mali, 283
Malinovsky, Marshall, 60
Manchester Guardian, 168
Mandela, Nelson, 39
Mankrong, 57
Mantey, Edward Apau, 271
Mao Zedong, 75
Martei, Margaret, 236
Marxism Today, 207
Mau Mau, 39
Mbiti, John, 231
Mensah, E. T., 29
Mensah-Kane, J. J., 229
Messrs. A. Hoffman and Sonner company,
Messrs. P. & W. Ghanem Traders and Contractors,
Messrs. Schlotterhose & Co., 184
Miles, F. S., 240
Minerals Control of Smuggling (Amendment) Act, 151
Mining Rights Regulation Ordinance, 149
Mintah, Charles K., 105
Mintah, Kwasi, 275
Mollet, M. Guy, 225
Moscow Civil Engineering Institute, 270
Moshie, Abudulai, 106
Mugabe, Robert, 39
Muslims Association Party, 123
Muslims population in Ghana, 83
Mussolini, Benito, 33
nation building
ethnolinguistic opposition to, 123
by Nkrumah’s government,
through education,
and volunteer labor,
National Association of Socialist Student Organization (NASSO)-UK, 205
National Council of Ghana Women, 236
National Democratic Congress (NDC), 275
national identity construction, inclusive,
National Rehabilitation Service, 261
National Union of Ghana Students (NUGS-Russia and NUGS-Ukraine),
Navalny, Alexey, 271
neo-Nazi terror in Russia, 271
Neto, Agostinho, 192
New Economic Policy (NEP), 166,
Newlove-Mensah, S. K., 2
Newton, John, 232
Ngurumo (newspaper), 213
Nickoulshina, Rimma Nesterorna, 99
Niger, 283
Nigerians, on Soviet collaboration, 115
Nketia, Nana, 208
Nkrumah, Fathia, Madam, 71
Nkrumah, Kwame
“The Philosophy of Property,” 173
on African agency, 82
anthropological critique,
appreciation for the Soviet political-economic experiment, 199
assassination, , 140
on Capital Investments Act, 165
Dawn Broadcast speech, 228
denouncing the 1962 Dakar Conference, 225
education,
explicit and public commitment to a mixed economy model,
fall in 1966, 268
on Ghana-Soviet relations post-independence,
on Ghana’s brand of socialism, 216
ideological consistency vs. economic pragmatism, 182
ideological formation and political networks,
intellectual pluralism within socialist framework,
James on, 171
and Khrushchev, 54, ,
library,
military coup d’état against, 1
as non-denominational Marxist, 231
and Padmore, , 73
political-economic philosophical outlook, , 198
protests under, 284
return to Ghana in 1947,
selective adaptation of Marxist theory,
strategic ideological concealment,
strategic political maneuvering vs. ideological commitment,
struggle for independence,
on term ‘African Socialism’, 221
and trade unions, 240
voluntary service, 257
and West “exploited” racist incidents, 147
on White supremacy and colonialism,
on workers, 256
Nkrumah, Samia, 281
Nkrumaist, 229
Nsarkoh, J. Kwasi, Dr., 208
Nurse, Hubert Alphonso, 174
Nutwey, Yaa, 158
Nyerere, Julius, 222
Nzula, Albert, 33
Obote, Milton, 141
occupational differences, 239
Ofori-Atta, Ken, 285
Ofori-Atta, Kofi Asante, 212
Okyere-Twum, A., 97
Oman, S. K., 157
Omanhene, 257
Onuoha, Bebe, 218
organised labor, 286
OSCO Shipping Agencies Limited, 157
Osei, A. W., 113
Osei-Opare, Frema, 281
Ossei Kusi’s case, 107
other, Africa as ontological Western, 132
Out, S., 60
“provinciality of freedom,” 20
Padmore
Pan-Africanism or Communism, 41
Padmore, Dorothy (Pizer), 176
Padmore, George, , 40, 204
on communism, 37
death, 84
early years and education,
on Ghana’s brand of socialism, 216
and Ghana’s early foreign policies,
and Nkrumah, , 73
on teaching socialist principles, 204
Palestinian Solidarity Campaign, 282
Pan African Congress (PAC), 251
Pan-African Manchester Conference, 178
Pan-Africanism and Communism? The Coming Struggle for Africa (Padmores), 176
Papa, Rita Boumi,
Parish, Margot, 179
Peckham, E. S., 211
People’s Progressive Party (PPP), 40
personal faith among socialist leaders, 231
Petroleum Company (GHAIP) Limited, 194
Philadelphia Tribune, 140
Poland, deal with Ghana, 194
Popov, Nina, 62
Positive Action campaign, 37
postcolonial African archival pessimism, 14
postcolonial sovereignty, 125
Postnikov, Valentin, 60
Pratt, Kwesi, Junior, 283
Prempeh II, Asantehene Nana Sir Osei Agyeman, 63
Pre-Tertiary Teachers Union, 285
Preventative Detention Act, 244
public spaces
racial citizenship,
Putin, Vladimir,
racial antagonism, 137
racial citizenship moments, 120, , see also Ghana, socialist citizen formation
conditions of,
domestic,
racial identity, 127
racial justice,
Rawlings, John Jerry, 270
Regional Labor Advisory Committee, 245
rehabilitation centers, 260
religion and socialism,
Roy, M. N., 34
Royal Commonwealth Society for the Blind, 261
Rudakov, V. M., 88
Rumania, 214
Rumanian People’s Republic Academy, 214
Rural Rehabilitation Units, 261
Russia-Africa Summit, 278
Rust, William, 179
Salient: Victoria University Students’ Paper, 133
Sampong, Appan, 137
Schilling, R. S. P., 95
Schwendler, H. P., Dr., 156
Scott, John M., 184
Second World Black and African Festival, 91
secret guerilla warfare camps, 57
segregated facilities,
Sekondi-Takoradi, 208
self-help projects and labor,
Senegal, 225
Senghor, Leopold, 225
sex work and social control,
Sfeir, Frange A.,
Sharpeville police shooting, 251
Shell Oil Company, 183
Sindhi businessmen, 184
Skobeltzyn, Dmitirij, 70
Snelling, A. W., 86
social capital, 131
socialism, 20, see also African Socialism
and Christian nationalism,
and corruption,
disillusionment with, 241
and ideological compatibility of capitalism,
knowledge making,
and religion,
socialist development, ableist foundation of,
socialist disenchantment, 135
socialist modernity, Ghana’s projection of, , 111
socialist racism, systemic recognition of,
socialist state capitalism, 198
socialist-inspired schools, 205
socialists teachings in schools,
Socialism and Communism (Khrushchev), 215
Socialist Association, 206
Socialist Forum of Ghana (SFG),
Socialist Movement of Ghana (SMG),
Socialist Programme, 203
Socialist Union, 181
Society of Friends of Lepers, 262
sod-cutting ceremony, 281
solidarity, see also transnational Black solidarity, see also socialist solidarity
and national identity,
with Palestinians,
racial, as economic strategy, 184
workers, 252
working-class, 253
South African London Socialist Union and Fabian Society, 180
Soviet
acknowledgement of Nkrumah,
anti colonial discourse,
anti-Black incidents in, ,
anti-imperial appeal and its limits,
atheism and Ghana, 233
Civil War in, 169
complain personnel in Ghanat ecosystem, 110
engineering degrees, 84
euphemistic scientific cooperation, 99
geological survey project, , 273
hydrological survey, 102
imperial ambitions through technical expertise, 88
institutional continuity of racism,
lazy workers, 256
personnel in Ghana, , 110
quality control and technical standards,
women,
Soviet Academy of Sciences Library, 69
Soviet Film Festival in Ghana, 69
Soviet textile cotton mill
bureaucratic paralysis and project deterioration,
financial uncertainty and geopolitical shifts,
health and safety concerns in,
infrastructure dependencies and neocolonial contradictions,
using technical expertise as geopolitical leverage,
Spendlove, P. R., 74
Standing Development Corporation, 189
Star-Kist Foods, INC., 191
state identity
state identity, creation of, 123
state surveillance and threat, 253
state-monopoly capitalism,
Sutherland, Bill, 142
Sytenko, Mikhail D., 48
“Third Worldism,” 137
Takoradi, 245
Takoradi Harbor, 83
Teachers’ Training College, 208
Technoa Company, 156
Tema Oil Refinery, 194
Tereshkova, Valentina, 63
The Ashanti Times (newspaper), 130
The Spark (magazine), 17, 70, 85, , 203, 220, 225, , 250, 264
on Ghana’s global and local socialism,
about Ghana’s trade relations, 194
on Sharpeville police shooting, 251
Tito, Josef, 43
Togoland, 61
Togoland Congress (TC), 123
Torgovlya, Sovetskaya, 56
Trade Union Congress (TUC), 110, 237, , 248, 256,
and the local union, 248
Defensive Response on mass workers uprising,
transnational socialist solidarity, 148
Trinidad Guardian, 175
Trump, Donald J., 10
Tsikata, Kodjo, 96
Tubman, Harry, 41
Tuna Fishery, 191
Twentieth Century Socialism, 180
Twi (Ghanaian language), 3
Uganda, 255
ujamaa, 222
Unilever, 165
Unilever Soap Factory, 165
United Kingdom, 2, 86, 122, 199, 205, 207, see also British colonial government
Ghana’s exports to, 193
University of College of the Gold Coast, 124
University of Ghana, 124
US Department of Commerce, 11
Verwoerd, Henrik, 40
volunteer labor and national building,
Wassiamal, Modupe, 154
Watson Commission, 36
West Africa, 98
West Africa (newspaper), 80
West African National Congress, 179
Western imperial violence,
Western opportunism, 147
Wireko, J. D., 242
Woddis, Jack, 85
women
diplomatic roles in Ghana-Soviet relations, 71
disabled, training of,
in Ghana’s workforce, 91
leadership in diplomatic relations,
in Soviet Ghana spaces, 90
volunteer labor by, 257
Woode, Anthony, 180
Woode, Victor, 137
X’ray (pseudonym), 188
Zakharov, Marshall, 60
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