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Series:   Elements in Gender and Politics

Attitudes toward Political Authoritarianism in Economically Advanced Democracies

The Role of Gender Values and Norms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2025

Amy C. Alexander  and
Gefjon Off
Amy C. Alexander
Affiliation:
University of Gothenburg
Gefjon Off
Affiliation:
Leuphana University of Lüneburg and University of Hamburg

Summary

This Element focuses on how individuals' gender values and populations' gender norms influence their attitudes toward political authoritarianism in economically advanced democracies. First, it theorizes that individuals' higher support for gender equality and freedom of sexuality (GEFS) decreases their support of political authoritarianism. This operates directly through the development of a belief system that is incompatible with political authoritarianism as a system rooted in and sustained through conformity to hegemonic masculine dominance. Additionally, this operates indirectly by strengthening support for pluralism, strengthening support for democratic socialization in households, and increasing rejection of the use of violence to control household social relations. Second, it theorizes how GEFS norms and political authoritarian norms are mutually reinforcing in shaping political culture at the country-level. The Element shows evidence consistent with these theories through analysis of data on OECD countries from 1995 to 2022 based on waves 3–7 of the World Values Surveys.
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Keywords

political authoritarianismgender equalityfreedom of sexualitysocializationhegemonic masculinity

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Type
Element
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Series: Elements in Gender and Politics
Online ISBN: 9781009374309
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 31 July 2025

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Attitudes toward Political Authoritarianism in Economically Advanced Democracies
  • Amy C. Alexander, University of Gothenburg, Gefjon Off, Leuphana University of Lüneburg and University of Hamburg
  • Online ISBN: 9781009374309
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Attitudes toward Political Authoritarianism in Economically Advanced Democracies
  • Amy C. Alexander, University of Gothenburg, Gefjon Off, Leuphana University of Lüneburg and University of Hamburg
  • Online ISBN: 9781009374309
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Attitudes toward Political Authoritarianism in Economically Advanced Democracies
  • Amy C. Alexander, University of Gothenburg, Gefjon Off, Leuphana University of Lüneburg and University of Hamburg
  • Online ISBN: 9781009374309
Available formats
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