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Exercise combined with vitamin D supplementation has additive health effects on short physical performance battery and stair climbing in older adults: a scope review of randomised controlled trials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2024

Jinghua Zhang Open the ORCID record for Jinghua Zhang [Opens in a new window] ,
Zheng Zhu ,
YanJun Niu  and
Zhen-Bo Cao Open the ORCID record for Zhen-Bo Cao [Opens in a new window]
Jinghua Zhang
Affiliation:
School of exercise and health, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai 201400, People’s Republic of China School of exercise and health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
Zheng Zhu
Affiliation:
School of exercise and health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
YanJun Niu
Affiliation:
School of exercise and health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
Zhen-Bo Cao*
Affiliation:
School of exercise and health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
*
Corresponding author: Zhen-Bo Cao; Email: caozb_edu@yahoo.co.jp
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Abstract

This scoping review aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise combined with vitamin D supplementation on skeletal muscle health in older individuals. We implemented a systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase, which was conducted from the time of library construction to January 2024. Eligible studies were randomised controlled trials including men and women aged ≥ 65 years or mean age ≥ 65 years; exercise training and vitamin D supplementation; outcomes of muscular strength, function, muscular power, body composition and quality of life; and results compared with those of exercise intervention alone. The results showed thirteen studies including 1483 participants were identified. The proportions of male and female sex were 22·05 and 77·95 %, respectively. Exercise intervention methods included resistance exercises and multimodal exercise training. All vitamin D interventions involved supplementation with vitamin D3. A significant increase was identified in short physical performance battery and stair climbing but not in skeletal muscle mass, skeletal strength, the timed up and go test and gait speed in older adults after exercise combined with vitamin D supplementation. In conclusion, exercise combined with vitamin D supplementation has additive health effects on short physical performance battery and stair climbing. Furthermore, when vitamin D was deficient at baseline, the combined effect of exercise and vitamin D intervention significantly increased the timed up and go test and gait speed in older adults. In future randomised controlled trials on this topic, baseline vitamin D nutritional status, health condition and sex should be considered.

Keywords

ExerciseVitamin D supplementationSkeletal muscle healthOlder adults

Information

Type
Scoping Review
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 133 , Issue 1 , 14 January 2025 , pp. 48 - 57
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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