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Optimizing Botulinum Toxin Injections by Minding the Muscle Architecture and Its Innervation Zone: The “Seeding” Technique

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 November 2024

Bayram Kaymak ,
Murat Kara ,
Ahmad Jasem Abdulsalam Open the ORCID record for Ahmad Jasem Abdulsalam [Opens in a new window] ,
Vincenzo Ricci  and
Levent Özçakar
Bayram Kaymak
Affiliation:
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
Murat Kara
Affiliation:
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
Ahmad Jasem Abdulsalam*
Affiliation:
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mubarak Alkabeer Hospital, Kuwait
Vincenzo Ricci
Affiliation:
Physical and Rehabiliation Medicine Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Milano, Italy
Levent Özçakar
Affiliation:
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
*
Corresponding author: Ahmad Jasem Abdulsalam; Email: dr.ahmad.j.abdulsalam@gmail.com
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Abstract

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Keywords

innervation zonespasticitystroketoxinultrasound
Type
Letter to the Editor: New Observation
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , First View , pp. 1 - 3
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation

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References

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Bolsterlee, B, Veeger, HE, van der Helm, FC, Gandevia, SC, Herbert, RD. Comparison of measurements of medial gastrocnemius architectural parameters from ultrasound and diffusion tensor images. J Biomech. 2015;48:1133–1140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
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