Index

Sarah Bull

doi:10.1017/9781009578103.013

Index

abortion, 41, 43, 65, 110, 198, 206, 208, See also miscarriage

abstinence, 27, 67, 197

Acton, William, 110, 116, 169

Adult: The Journal of Sex, The, 220–221, 233–234

Adventures of a Bedpost, 129, 131

advertising. See also endorsements

advertisers’ representations of, 87, 97

ambivalence about, 102–107, 119

auto-advertising, 106, 114–117

books as advertisements, 74–79, 92, 102–107, 115

cards, 141, 186

catalogues, 35–48, 50, 107, 121, 130, 131, 158, 186, 188, 199, 210, 224, 228, 232, 235

circulars, 97, 229

claims about the effects of, 140, 142, 146

costs, 46–47, 86–88, 97, 102, 103

false claims in, 146, 154, 210

handbills, 60, 83, 164, 186

in books and pamphlets, 56, 61–63, 74, 131, 184, 197, 198–204, 234

in medical journals, 98, 139

in periodicals, 45–47, 54, 61–63, 83–84, 114, 130, 138, 143, 184, 188, 197, 198–204, 227, 233

medical opposition to, 58–60, 82, 102–107, 114–119, 143, 152–164, 175–180, 208–211, 223, 231

on walls, 58, 83, 91, 164

puffs, 86–87

restrictions on, 175–180, See also Indecent Advertisements Act, 1889

sandwich boards, 164

spatial arrangement in newspapers, 84, 117

studies of, 86

tax, 47

through public anatomical museums, 73

use of private letters in, 160

visual appearance, 84

Allbutt, Arthur Henry, 199–202, 205

struck off the Medical Register, 209–210

Allinson, Thomas Richard, 203, 205

obscenity charges, 207, 210–211

American reprints and reworkings, 79, 162

Anatomy Act, 1832, 71

animal breeding, 112

apologias, 13, 167

Aristotle’s Masterpiece

contrast with modern medical works, 65

contrast with pornographic productions, 139

in court, 134–135

in Secrets of Nature Revealed, The, 22

in the pornography trade, 36–38, 52, 122, 138, 185

readership, 37, 51

reputation, 37, 49

revised 1857 edition, 135–137

sold by Henry Cook, 188

Ashbee, Henry Spencer, 242

auctions, 71, 81

authority, relationship between print and, 9

authorship

incentives, 9, 104–105

professionalization, 174

remuneration, 104

risks, 103, 105–107

Baartman, Saartjie, 72

Baby Buds, 171

Baillière, Hippolyte, 95, 97, 101, 107, 110, 114, 117, 119, 177

baudruches, 41, See also condoms

Beauty, 112

Bedborough, George, 164, 220, 221

trial, 213–214, 220–222, 232–236

Belgium, 231

Bell’s Penny Dispatch, 28, 45

Bennett, D. M., 181

Berkeley Hill, Matthew, 155–161

Besant, Annie, 181, 189–203

bibliographies, 240–242

birth control. See contraception

Black, Donald Campbell, 169, 172, 178

Blacketer, Henry, 134

blackmail, 230

blasphemous libel, 125, 126, 132, 185, 206

Bloch, Iwan, 227, 235, 239–242

Book for Married Women, A, 203, 205, 207, 210–211

boundary work, 5, 141

Bradlaugh, Charles, 189–195

British College of Health, 1

British Medical Journal

and “semi-scientific pornography,” 230

and medical reform, 99, 141, 170

anti-quackery campaigns, 140, 144–147

on Sexual Inversion, 223

origins, 99

review of Baby Buds, 171

Brontë, Branwell, 57, 65, 88

Burke, William. See Popular Compendium of Anatomy

Burton, Richard Francis, 216, 228

Cain, 41, 42, 129

Callow, John, 94–96

Campbell, John, LCJ, 129–138

Cannibal Club, 193, 224

Carlile, Richard, 27, See also Every Woman’s Book

and the Society for the Suppression of Vice, 126

influence, 41, 183, 192, 198, 236

responses to books, 33, 49

Carlile, Thomas Paine (Thomas Ward), 35, 39

Carpenter, Edward, 213, 216, 239

Carpenter, William Benjamin. See Principles of Human Physiology

Carrington, Charles (Paul Ferdinando), 223–232, 233–234, 239

catalogues. See under advertising

China, 84

Churchill, John, 94–117, 178, 191, See also J & A Churchill

circulars. See under advertising

Cockburn, Alexander, LCJ, 15, 149–150, 152

Collette, Charles Hastings

embezzlement suit, 196

founder of the Protestant Electoral Union, 149

in the National Vigilance Association, 208, 217

Secretary for the Society for the Suppression of Vice, 155, 157–161

colonial market, 61, 81, 83, 87, 162

commission publishing, 103–104, 105, 116

compilations, 11

examples of, 22, 32, 37, 38, 68, 77, 110, 227

medical views on, 91, 98, 106

condoms, 41–44, 54, 131, 138, 186, 197, 198, 211

Confessional Unmasked, The, 148–149

Confessions of Madame Vestris, The, 121

congenital variation, 37, 72, 137, 216

Connubial Guide, The, 42–43, 48

consulting surgeon, use of the title, 58

consulting surgeon’s manual (genre), 60–61, 63–70, 74–79, 162

as a gimmick, 82

contraception

charges for selling works about, 188–193, 205–212

controversy in freethought circles, 184

device manufacturers, 198–203

devices, 43, 197, 198, 204, See also condoms

early advocates, 27

first organization dedicated to. See Malthusian League

methods, 41–43, 197, 198

movement in America, 206

not a medical issue, 209

works about, 27–28, 39–44, 183–184, 195–204

works sold by freethinkers and radicals, 183, 196–204

works sold in the pornography trade, 39–43, 138, 204

Cook, Henry, 186–189, 193

copyright, 12, 31, 98

Cosmos Library, 233

Courtenay, Francis Burdett, 69, 115, 146, 177

Cremorne Gardens, 169

cross-dressing, 49

Curll, Edmund, 125

Curtis, J. L. See Lambert, Joseph

Dame aux camélias, La, 131

Darwin, Charles, 216

Deakin, Shirley, 155–161

dildoes, 49

disclaimers, 167, 235, 238

discretion. See privacy

Douse, W. J., 203, 205

Drysdale, George, 184, 185, 189, 197, 205

Dugdale, William, 22

advertising, 45–48, 130–131

and freethought, 184, 189, 193

and the Society for the Suppression of Vice, 127–129

deceased, 138

family members, 35, 129, 134, 138

in court, 128–130

publications, 29, 38–43, 49, 51, 53, 54

radical activity, 23, 28

Dumas, Alexandre (fils). See Dame aux camélias, La

Duncombe, Edward, 35, 42, 47, 121–122, 128, 138

Duncombe, John, 35, 37, 52

Duringe, Aimé, 233

Dyer, Edward, 51, 53

Elements of Social Science. See Physical, Sexual, and Natural Religion

Elliot, Mary, 35

Ellis, Havelock, 213–223, 232–239, 242–243, See also Sexual Inversion

encyclopedias, 69, 88, 167, 170, 235

endorsements. See also advertising

by a medical practitioner, 209, 210

for a medical practitioner, 77, 84, 86, 176

for contraceptive devices, 198

eunuchism, 50, 111

euphemisms, 247

for explicit content, 35, 138

for same-sex sex, 227

for venereal disease, 164

Every Woman’s Book, 27

a “Holywell-street publication,” 185

allusion to Kalogynomia, 33

in the pornography trade, 39, 138

influenced On the Use of Night Caps, 41

exoticism, 29, 50, 110, 225

Exquisite, The, 46, 185

family planning. See contraception

Fanny Hill, 29, 129, 131, 185, 186, 193

female pills, 83, 209, See also menstruation, abortion

fertility, 22, 38, 51, 60, 65, 83, 106, 111, 153

Fisher, Kate, 236–239, 245–247

flagellation, 28, 125, 225, 227, 228, 241

flash periodicals, 54, See also Paul Pry, Peeping Tom

Flowers, Frederick, 159–160

Foucault, Michel, 3, 237, 248

France, 25, 26, 63, 97, 111, 167, 205, 224, 231

items marketed as French, 48, 185, See also French letters

Free Press Defence Committee, 234

freethought, 183–185, 188–193

French letters, 43, See also condoms

Fruits of Philosophy, 43

Dugdale edition, 39–41, 53, 189

in the pornography trade, 39–43, 138, 193

in trial of Annie Besant and Charles Bradlaugh, 193

in trial of Charles Watts, 189

in trial of Edward Truelove, 196

in trial of Henry Cook, 188–189

sales by freethinkers, 183–184

text in advertising material, 44

Gems for Gentlemen, 46

General Medical Council

actions, 147, 209–210

establishment of, 146

Geneseology, or, The Physiology of Woman, 65

in the pornography trade, 38

Geschlechtsleben in England, Das. See Sexual Life in England

gonorrhoea. See venereal disease

Graham, James, 38, 60

Griskin, Athanasius (pseud.), 41

handbills. See under advertising

harems, 50, 121, 129

Haydn’s Dictionary of Popular Medicine and Hygiene, 170

hermaphrodism, 49, 241

Hicklin test of obscenity, 148, 152

critiques of, 190–191, 221

implications for medical material, 150, 152, 154–164, 221

medical response to, 154–164

radical response to, 181, 190–191, 211

Hicklin trial, 148, See also Hicklin test of obscenity

Highley, Samuel, 95, 97, 114

Hints to Men About Town, 55

Hirschfeld, Magnus, 227

Holywell Street, 23

Home Office, 207, 230, 235

Homogenic Love, 213, 216

homophobia, 222, 232

homosexuality, 50, 166, 213, 215–217, 225–228, 230, See also sodomy

Horne, Henry (pseud.). See Marriage, Historically, Philosophically, Legally, Physiologically and Pathologically Examined

Hottentot Venus. See Baartman, Saartjie

Howe, William F., 128

ignorance, sexual, 215, 232–239, 244–248

imperialism, cultural, 59

impotence, 22, 38, 51, 60, 76, 163, 165, 167

incomes, medical, 86, 88, 103–105, 201

indecent advertisement, meaning of the phrase, 163

Indecent Advertisements Act, 1889, 163–164, 208

indecent warrants, 230, See also post:surveillance and interception

India, 61, 84, 88, 205

Intercidona (pseud.), 42, 49

Intermarriage, 112–113

intersex. See hermaphrodism

inversion, sexual, 216, See also homosexuality

J. & A. Churchill, 178, 179

Jordan, Lewis Jacob

deceased, 162

Jordan, Robert Jacob, 76

medical qualifications, 82

struck off the Medical Register, 147

Judge, Adolphus Henry (Adolphus Henry Delplangue), 138–139

Kahn, Joseph, 71–74, 80, 117, 157, See also public anatomical museums: Kahn’s Museum

Kalogynomia, or The Laws of Female Beauty, 32–33

in Pancoast’s Porneio-Kalogynomia-Pathology, 68

in Walker’s Beauty and Intermarriage, 112–113

Nichols edition, 231–232

Knowlton trial, 189–193

Knowlton, Charles, 27, 41, See also Fruits of Philosophy

Krafft-Ebing, Richard von, 225, 227–228, 235, 240, See also Psychopathia Sexualis

La’Mert, Samuel

advertisements, 87

deceased, 163

medical qualifications, 82

publications. See Self-Preservation

struck off the Medical Register, 147

Lambert and Son, 198–199, 203, 207

Lambert, Joseph (J. L. Curtis)

advertisements, 87

deceased, 163

publications. See Manhood: The Causes of Its Premature Decline

Lancet

and “semi-scientific pornography,” 229

and medical reform, 99, 141, 169, 175

anti-quackery campaigns, 86, 117, 140, 142, 144–147, 159, 161, 162, 211

office location, 96

radical influences, 99

review of Sexual Inversion, 222

review of Untrodden Fields of Anthropology, 223

sold by newsvendors, 191

Lane, James, 176

Latin, 167–168

Law of Population, The, 197, 198–199, 201–203, 204

Legitimation League, 220

Letters from Laura and Eveline, 241

Lewis, H. K., 95, 96, 97, 219

library

British Museum, 242

circulating, 96, 203

presented as a, 48, 50, 233

public, 115, 238

literacy, 6, 247

Lock Hospital, 154

affiliates’ partnership with the Society for the Suppression of Vice, 155–156

Lombroso, Cesar, 228, 229

Lustful Turk, The, 29, 49, 50, 72, 121

mail. See post

Malthus, Thomas Robert, 27, 195

Malthusian Handbook, The, 202, 205

Malthusian Herald, The, 203

Malthusian League, 116, 181, 183, 195–203, 205, 211

Malthusian Tracts, 195, 197, 199

Manhood: The Causes of its Premature Decline, 57–58

advertisements, 83, 86

excerpted in other works, 79, 134

issued in Spanish by Baillière, 117

longevity, 80

sold by Baillière, 117

sources, 68

translations, 63

Manly Vigour, 1, 12, 77

marginalia, 44, 48, 64, 246

Marriage, Historically, Philosophically, Legally, Physiologically and Pathologically Examined, 39, 50, 52, 55

marriage-rites genre, 110

masturbation, 30, 38, 51, 61, 67, 68, 80, 113, 165

female, 168

Medical Act, 1858, 146

charges under, 155, 162, 179, 210

deficiencies, 146, 154

medical reform, 8, 93, 99, 100, 105, 113, 117, 141, 144, 146, 165, 175

Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure. See Fanny Hill

Men With Tails, 72

menopause, 200

menstruation, 67, 109, 163, 170–171, 200

Metropolitan Police Act, 1839, 127

midwifery. See pregnancy

Mill, John Stuart, 195

Milnes, Richard Monckton, 132

miscarriage, 41, 65, 110, 170, See also abortion

mistaken identities, 119, 185

Moll, Albert, 227, 229, 239

Moral Physiology, 27

in Horne’s Marriage, 39

in the pornography trade, 39–44

prosecution for selling, 196

sales by freethinkers, 184

Morison, James, 1

Morris, Edward, 134

National Vigilance Association, 208, 217

nature, 26, 138, 217, 236–239

Netherlands, 205, 231

New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, 206

Niam-Niams. See Men With Tails

Nichols, Harry Sidney, 224, 231–232

Nicholson, Renton, 36

night caps, 42, See condoms

night guides, 54–55, 131, See also Hints to Men About Town

Note on the Bedborough Trial, A, 221

nude

classical, 131

photographs. See under pornography:photographs

statues, 33, 112, 123, 129, 135

Obscene Publications Act, 1857

anatomical models destroyed under, 147, 158

and the Medical Act, 1858, 156, 162

employed by medical groups, 154–162

events preceding, 125–131

medical response to, 144–148

Parliamentary debates about, 131

passage, 129–133

publications destroyed under, 134, 159, 162, 210

short-term impact, 133–138

obscene quackery, 140–148, 152–164, 168, 176, 191, 230

obscenity law. See also Vagrancy Acts, Obscene Publications Act, 1857, Indecent Advertisements Act, 1889, Hicklin test of obscenity

definition of “obscene,” 15, 131–140, 148

enforcement, 126, 164, 206–209, 230–232, See also National Vigilance Association, Society for the Suppression of Vice

exploitation of, 16, 221, See also obscene quackery

origins, 15, 125

Obstetric Tables, 91, 115

On a New Way of Treating Gonorrhoea, 109, 116

On the Use of Night Caps, 41–42, 48, 53, 54, 199

Onania: or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 38, 55, 68, 79

oral sex, 149

Owen, Robert Dale, 27, 41, See also Moral Physiology

paratext, 13

Parker, J. W., 95, 97

Paul Pry, 41, 130–131, 138

Paul, Charles, 134

Peeping Tom, 45, 54

Perry, R. L. (& Co), 63, 73, 75, See also Silent Friend, The, Jordan, Lewis Jacob, Jordan, Robert Jacob

name derived from, 75

Philosophy of Kissing, The, 39

Philosophy of Marriage, The (Kahn), 73, 77, 80, 157–158

Philosophy of Marriage, The (Ryan), 90–92, 119

excerpted in consulting surgeons’ manuals, 68

in the pornography trade, 39, 48–50, 55

photographs. See under pornography

phrenology, 39, 112

Physical, Sexual, and Natural Religion, 184, 197

Place, Francis, 27, 51

Popular Compendium of Anatomy, 13, 167

pornography

advertising, 48, 56, 128, 131, 233

and medical representations, 13, 25, 29, 53, 91, 122, 133–140, 150, 204, 223–242

and obscenity, 124, 129–133, 135, 150, 207, 237, 242

definition, 16

genre origins, 26

industry origins, 26

informed sexological studies, 239–242

novels, 28, 121, 186, 225

origins, 29

photographs, 123, 138–139, 192–193, 204, 206, 232

prints, 35, 48, 121, 128, 130, 131, 186

stereoscopic slides, 133, 138

post

sales by, 47–48, 61, 74, 117, 127, 138, 142, 160, 198, 202, 210, 224, 229, 233, 247

stamps as currency in sales, 47, 61, 117, 142

surveillance and interception, 47, 210, 230–231

Post Office (Protection) Act, 1884, 230

pregnancy, 37, 41, 43, 65, 91, 109, 163, 170, 200, See also miscarriage, abortion

premature ejaculation, 41

press censorship, 164, 221

prices

change over time, 61, 81, 115

power to dictate, 98

readers compared, 48

strategically high, 220

too high, 98

too low, 190

typical, 36, 44, 61, 115, 195, 208

Principles of Human Physiology, 191

Pritchard, Henry, 127

privacy, 47, 61, 76, 229, 231

private publication, 216

professional advantage, publishing for, 104–107

prostitution, 55, 110, 113, 126, 165, 169–170, 208

Prostitution in London, 92, 110

in the pornography trade, 55

Psychopathia Sexualis, 225, 235

public anatomical museums, 70–74

audience, 70, 144

decline, 152

entry fees, 70, 144

ethnological exhibits, 72

Henry’s Museum, 143

Kahn’s Museum, 71–74, 80, 157–159

Lloyd’s Museum, 147

obscenity charges, 143, 147, 148, 157–159

paper equivalents, 70

Rackstrow’s Museum, 70

Reimer’s Museum, 143

use of secondhand items, 71

Woodhead’s Museum, 143, 148

publishing, medical

geography, 95–96

medics’ concerns about publishers, 98–101, 104, 105, 113

origins as a specialism, 94–95

relation to medical institutions, 96–97, 178

puffs. See under advertising

Pulvermacher, Isaac Louis, 159

Punch, 144, 145

quack, 8, 58, 141, See also obscene quackery

Quack Prosecution Fund, 156, 161

rape. See sexual assault

reading, 244–249

against the grain, 55

crossover readerships, 115, 180

experiences, 48, 49, 51, 84, 115, 170, 246–247

histories of, 244

prurient readers, 13, 30, 33, 49, 52, 71, 91, 113–114, 140, 165–172, 222, 230

vulnerable readers, 16, 30, 33, 131, 134, 140, 143, 146, 156, 159, 190, 221, 248

Rebman, F.J., 219, 225, 234, 235–236

Renshaw, Henry, 94–96, 99, 114

“Revaluation of Obscenity, The,” 236–238, 248

Reynolds, W. H., 201

Robert, Henri, 229, 231

Roberton, John, 30–33

Royal College of Physicians, 5, 95, 177

Royal College of Surgeons, 5, 76, 82, 95, 97, 115, 161, 177, 210

Ryan, Michael, 90–92, 99, 110–113, See also Prostitution in London, Philosophy of Marriage, The

Schrenck-Notzing, Albert von, 227

secret knowledge, 29

Secrets of Nature Revealed, The, 22, 36, 52, 53

Seduction by Chloroform, 186

See also Hicklin test of obscenity, 148

Select Bibliothèque, 242

Self-Preservation, 63, 64, 77

longevity, 80

Seraglio Scenes, 121

sex radicalism, 8, 181–212, 213–215, 221, 232–235

sex work. See prostitution

sexology, 213–243

sexual assault, 110, 123, 208, 227

Sexual Inversion, 216–223

Sexual Life in England, 240–242

sexual science. See sexology

sexually transmitted infections. See venereal disease

Silent Friend, The, 63, 64–65, 67, 73–74, 75, 76, 77, 83, 88, 117, 119

in the pornography trade, 38, 49, 54, 134

Sins of the Cities of the Plain, The, 50

slavery, 28, 50, 225

Smith, Henry (pseud.). See Dugdale, William

Society for the Suppression of Vice

actions after the Obscene Publications Act’s passage, 133–138

and the Holywell Street trade, 126–129

collapse of, 207

establishment and early work, 126

influence on obscenity laws, 15, 127, 131

opposition to radical politics, 126

partnership with medical practitioners, 145, 148, 155–161, 162

prosecutions for hire, 155

prosecutions for selling contraception literature, 196, 205, 208

prosecutions of Dugdale and Strange, 129

raid on Edward Duncombe’s shop, 121–122

sued by William Dugdale, 128–129

Society of Apothecaries, 5

sodomy, 110, 165–166, 168, See also homosexuality

spermatorrhoea, 76, 114

stamps. See under post

Stanton, John, 128

stereoscopic slides. See under pornography

stereotype plates, 81, 128, 189, 193

as a metaphor, 81

Stockdale, John Joseph, 30–33

Stopes, Marie, 182, 203, 211

Strange, William, 130–131

subscription publishing, 100, 229

Sweeney, John, 220–221

Symonds, John Addington, 216–220, 229, See also Sexual Inversion

syphilis. See venereal disease

Syphilis, 172

Thornhill, Frances, 129

Thornhill, James, 134

translations

into Latin. See Latin

of bibliographies, 242

of classical literature, 29

of consulting surgeons’ advertisements, 87

of consulting surgeons’ manuals, 63, 162

of novels, 125, 131, 185, 217, 225

of pre-nineteenth-century medical works, 22, 38

of regular medical works, 68, 101

of sexual-scientific studies, 219, 227, 234, 235, 241

of South Asian and Middle Eastern works, 216

of terms in catalogues, 48

transnational market, 63, 81, 83, 87, 97, 162, 224, 230, 231

True Remedy for Poverty, A, 203, 205

Truelove, Edward

obscenity charges, 196, 205

publications, 183, 193, 197

Turner, J. (pseud.). See Dugdale, William

Ulrichs, Karl Heinrich, 222, 229

Untrodden Fields of Anthropology, 223–224, 225, 228–229, 234

Vagrancy Acts

application to articles in shop windows, 127–128

charges under, 143, 147, 201, 206

passage of, 127

Vauxhall, 55

venereal disease

advertisements related to, 83–88, See also Indecent Advertisements Act, 1889

and public anatomical museums, 71, 158

institutions for treating. See Lock Hospital

medical suspicion of works on, 106, 115, 168

products for, 41, 44, 75, 163, 197, See also condoms

works addressing, 30–33, 37, 38, 53, 54–55, 57–82, 102, 110, 115, 154, 170

Vizetelly, Henry, 217

W. H. Smith & Son, 131

Walker, Alexander, 32, 112–113

Ward, Thomas (pseud.). See Carlile, Thomas Paine (Thomas Ward)

Watson, Charles, 154–155, 159

Watson, James, 183, 192

Watts, Charles, 183, 188–189

Weissenfeld, Georg Ferdinand Springmühl von (George Astor Singer), 219–220, 234–235

Westermarck, Everard, 229

Widow Welch’s Female Pills, 83, See also female pills

Wife’s Handbook, The, 199–202, 209–210

Wilde, Oscar, 219, 225, 228

Wilson, John (pseud.). See Duncombe, Edward

Winn, William, 38, 134–135

Woman: Her Physiology and Functions, 64, 65, 68, 76–77

in the pornography trade, 38

sold by Henry Cook, 186–187

X, Jacobus (pseud.), 225

series, 225–227, 234, 239

Zola, Émile, translations of novels by, 217

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