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Shifting Dynamics in WTO Ministerial Statements: A Textual Analysis of Member Engagement, 1996–2024
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 November 2025
Abstract
This study examines how WTO members have engaged in Ministerial Conferences from 1996 to 2024 by analyzing over 1,500 formal ministerial statements. Despite being the most public and standardized form of participation in WTO deliberations, these statements have rarely been analyzed systematically. By treating them as indicators of institutional engagement, the study traces long-term patterns in the frequency, intensity, and content of member participation. The analysis confirms some established expectations – such as the tendency of economically larger members to participate more actively – but also uncovers less visible dynamics. Engagement levels shifted significantly around key institutional moments, notably the rise and suspension of the Doha Development Agenda, and evolved unevenly between developed and developing members. Methodologically, the study demonstrates how computational text analysis can extract meaningful patterns from formal international discourse. Using metadata and text-based measures, it shows how member statements can offer insight into negotiation alignments and institutional vitality. These findings complement existing accounts of WTO behavior and suggest new directions for understanding participation and representation in multilateral trade governance.
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- © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Secretariat of the World Trade Organization.
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