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Nature, Occurrence, and Cost of Herbicide-Resistant Wild Oat (Avena fatua) in Small-Grain Production Areas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Hugh J. Beckie ,
A. Gordon Thomas ,
Anne Légère ,
David J. Kelner ,
Rene C. van Acker  and
Scott Meers
Hugh J. Beckie*
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0X2
A. Gordon Thomas
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0X2
Anne Légère
Affiliation:
Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 Hochelaga Boulevard, Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada G1V 2J3
David J. Kelner
Affiliation:
Westco, Rosser, MB, Canada R0H 1E0
Rene C. van Acker
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
Scott Meers
Affiliation:
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, 280B Ridge Road, Strathmore, AB, Canada T1P 1B6
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: beckieh@em.agr.ca.
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Abstract

Surveys were conducted across the northern Great Plains of Canada in 1996 and 1997 to determine the nature and occurrence of herbicide-resistant (HR) biotypes of wild oat (Avena fatua). The surveys indicated that resistance to acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors (Group 1) occurred most frequently relative to other herbicide groups. Group 1-HR wild oat occurred in over one-half of fields surveyed in each of the three prairie provinces. Of particular concern was the relatively high incidence of multiple-group resistance in wild oat in Saskatchewan and Manitoba. In Saskatchewan, 18% of Group 1-HR populations were also resistant to acetolactate synthase inhibitors (imidazolinones), even though these herbicides were not frequently used. In Manitoba, 27% of fields surveyed had wild oat resistant to herbicides from more than one group. Four populations were resistant to all herbicides registered for use in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Depending on the nature of resistance in wild oat, alternative herbicides available for their control may substantially increase costs to the grower. The cost to growers of managing HR wild oat in Saskatchewan and Manitoba using alternative herbicides is estimated at over $4 million annually. For some HR biotypes, alternative herbicides either are not available or all have the same site of action, which restricts crop or herbicide rotation options and threatens the future sustainability of small-grain annual cropping systems where these infestations occur.

Keywords

Wild oat, Avena fatua L. # AVEFAwheat, Triticum aestivum L.Surveysacetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitorsacetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitorsmultiple-group resistanceAVEFAACCase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2)ALS, acetolactate synthase (EC 4.1.3.18)AOPP, aryloxyphenoxy propionateCHD, cyclohexanedioneHR, herbicide-resistantPOST, postemergencePRE, preemergenceS, susceptible
Type
Symposium
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , September 1999 , pp. 612 - 625
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

1

Contribution 1315 of the Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0X2.

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