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Accepted manuscript

Weather and glufosinate efficacy; a retrospective analysis looking forward to the changing climate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2025

Christopher Landau Open the ORCID record for Christopher Landau [Opens in a new window] ,
Kevin Bradley ,
Erin Burns ,
Ryan DeWerff ,
Anthony Dobbels ,
Alyssa Essman ,
Michael Flessner ,
Karla Gage ,
Aaron Hager  and
Amit Jhala
...Show all authors
Christopher Landau*
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Agronomist, Global Change and Photosynthesis Unit, USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL, USA
Kevin Bradley
Affiliation:
Professor, Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
Erin Burns
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Ryan DeWerff
Affiliation:
Research Specialist, Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
Anthony Dobbels
Affiliation:
Research Specialist, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Alyssa Essman
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Michael Flessner
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Karla Gage
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, School of Agricultural SciencesSchool of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA
Aaron Hager
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL,USA
Amit Jhala
Affiliation:
Associate Department Head/Professor, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Paul O Johnson
Affiliation:
Extension Weed Science Coordinator, Agronomy, Horticulture, & Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
William Johnson
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Sarah Lancaster
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
Dwight Lingenfelter
Affiliation:
Extension Weed Scientist, Department of Plant Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
Mark Loux
Affiliation:
Professor Emeritus, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Eric Miller
Affiliation:
Assistant Scientist, School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA
Micheal Owen
Affiliation:
University Professor Emeritus, Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
Debalin Sarangi
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
Peter Sikkema
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
Christy Sprague
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Mark VanGessel
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, USA
Rodrigo Werle
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Plant and Agroecosytem Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI, USA
Bryan Young
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Martin Williams II
Affiliation:
Research Ecologist, Global Change and Photosynthesis Unit, USDA-ARS, Urbana, IL, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Christopher Landau, Postdoctoral Research Agronomist, Global Change and Photosynthesis Unit, USDA-ARS, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL,61801 Email: Christopher.landau@usda.gov
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Abstract

Foliar-applied postemergence applications of glufosinate are often applied to glufosinate-resistant crops to provide nonselective weed control without significant crop injury. Rainfall, air temperature, solar radiation, and relative humidity near the time of application have been reported to affect glufosinate efficacy. However, previous research may have not captured the full range of weather variability to which glufosinate may be exposed to prior to or following application. Additionally, climate models suggest more extreme weather will become the norm, further expanding this weather range glufosinate can be exposed to. The objective of this research was to quantify the probability of successful weed control (efficacy ≥85%) with glufosinate applied to some key weed species across a broad range of weather conditions. A database of >10,000 North American herbicide evaluation trials was used in this study. The database was filtered to include treatments with a single POST application of glufosinate applied to waterhemp (Amaranthus tuburculatus (Moq.) J. D. Sauer), morningglory species (Ipomoea spp.), and/or giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herm.) <15cm in height. These species were chosen because they are well represented in the database and listed as common and troublesome weed species in both corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Van Wychen 2020, 2022). Individual random forest models were created. Low rainfall (≤20 mm) over the five days prior to glufosinate application was detrimental to the probability of successful control of A. tuburculatus and S. faberi. Lower relative humidity (≤70%) and solar radiation (≤23 MJ m-1 day-1) the day of application reduced the probability of successful weed control in most cases. Additionally, the probability of successful control decreased for all species when average air temperature over the first five days after application was ≤25C. As climate continues to change and become more variable, the risk of unacceptable control of several common species with glufosinate is likely to increase.

Keywords

Climate changeglufosinateherbicide efficacysolar radiationweather variability
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 20
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America

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