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Local influence of mitochondrial calcium transport in retinal amacrine cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2007

MADHUMITA SEN ,
EMILY MCMAINS  and
EVANNA GLEASON
MADHUMITA SEN
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana Present Address: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, NY 10029
EMILY MCMAINS
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
EVANNA GLEASON
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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Abstract

Ca2+-dependent synaptic transmission from retinal amacrine cells is thought to be initiated locally at dendritic processes. Hence, understanding the spatial and temporal impact of Ca2+ transport is fundamental to understanding how amacrine cells operate. Here, we provide the first examination of the local effects of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport in neuronal processes. By combining mitochondrial localization with measurements of cytosolic Ca2+, the local impacts of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport for two types of Ca2+ signals were investigated. Disruption of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake with carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP) produces cytosolic Ca2+ elevations. The amplitudes of these elevations decline with distance from mitochondria suggesting that they are related to mitochondrial Ca2+ transport. The time course of the FCCP-dependent Ca2+ elevations depend on the availability of ER Ca2+ and we provide evidence that Ca2+ is released primarily via nearby ryanodine receptors. These results indicate that interactions between the ER and mitochondria influence cytosolic Ca2+ in amacrine cell processes and cell bodies. We also demonstrate that the durations of glutamate-dependent Ca2+ elevations are dependent on their proximity to mitochondria in amacrine cell processes. Consistent with this observation, disruption of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport alters the duration of glutamate-dependent Ca2+ elevations near mitochondria but not at sites more than 10 μm away. These results indicate that mitochondria influence local Ca2+-dependent signaling in amacrine cell processes.

Keywords

Amacrine cellsCalcium signalingMitochondriaRyanodine receptorsGlutamate

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Type
Research Article
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 24 , Issue 5 , September 2007 , pp. 663 - 678
Copyright
© 2007 Cambridge University Press

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