Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-npwhs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-31T12:33:46.130Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

On the Possible Utilization of Camelops by Early Man in North America1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Gary Haynes  and
Dennis Stanford
Gary Haynes
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560
Dennis Stanford
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Camelops was a major faunal element in late Wisconsin biotic communities over much of North America. Interpretations of possible human association with Camelops are often based on poorly evaluated evidence. Ideal standards for acceptable evidence are compared here to the actual evidence that has been advanced. Of 25 fossil assemblages examined, 2 might be examples only of geological contemporaneity of humans and Camelops; 2 might indicate behavioral association of humans and Camelops bones; and 2 might indicate actual human utilization of Camelops (killing and/or butchering). Camelops bones interpreted as artifacts are similar to modern specimens affected by noncultural processes.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 22 , Issue 2 , September 1984 , pp. 216 - 230
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

Footnotes

1

Presented at the symposium “Taphonomic Analysis and Interpretation in North American Pleistocene Archaeology” held in Fairbanks, Alaska, April 1982.

References

Albanese, J. (1974). Geology of the Casper archeological site Frison, G. The Casper Site: A Hell Gap Bison Kill on the High Plains Academic Press New York 173 190 Google Scholar
Behrensmeyer, A.K. (1975). The taphonomy and paleoecology of Plio-Pleistocene vertebrate assemblages east of Lake Rudolf, Kenya Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology Bulletin 37 473 578 Google Scholar
Behrensmeyer, A.K. (1978). Taphonomic and ecologic information from bone weathering Paleobiology 4 150 162 Google Scholar
Binford, L. (1981). Bones: Ancient Men and Modern Myths Academic Press New York Google Scholar
Davis, E.L. (1978). Association of people and a Rancholabrean fauna at China Lake, California Bryan, A.L. Early Man in America from a Circum-Pacific Perspective. Dept. of Anthropology, University of Alberta, Occasional Paper No. 1. Archaeological Researches International Edmonton 183 217 Google Scholar
Dort, W. Jr. (1977). Archeo-geology of Jaguar Cave, Upper Birch Creek Valley and the Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho Geological Society of America First Annual Field TripGoogle Scholar
Frison, G.C. (1978). Prehistoric Hunters of the High Plains Academic Press New York Google Scholar
Frison, G.C. Stanford, D. (1982). The Agate Basin Site: A Record of the Paleo-Indian Occupation of the Northwestern High Plains Academic Press New York Google Scholar
Frison, G.C. Walker, D.N. Webb, S.D. Ziemens, G.M. (1978). Paleo-Indian procurement of Camelops on the northwestern Plains Quaternary Research 10 385 400 Google Scholar
Graham, A.D. Laws, R.M. (1971). The collection of found ivory in Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda East Africa Wildlife Journal 9 57 65 Google Scholar
Harrington, M.R. (1933). Gypsum Cave, Nevada: Report of the Second Season's Expedition Southwest Museum Papers 8 Google Scholar
Haury, E. (1960). Association of fossil fauna and artifacts of the Sulphur Spring stage, Cochise culture American Antiquity 25 609 610 Google Scholar
Haynes, C.V. (1974). Archeological geology of some selected Paleo-Indian sites Black, C. History and Prehistory of the Lubbock Lake Site. The Museum Journal. 15 133 139 Google Scholar
Haynes, C.V. (1975). Pleistocene and Recent stratigraphy Wendorf, F. Hester, J. Late Pleistocene Environments of the Southern High Plains. Southern Methodist University, Fort Burgwin Research Facility Publ. No. 9. 57 96 Google Scholar
Haynes, C. V. and Agogino, G. A. (in press). Geochronology of Sandia Cave. Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology .Google Scholar
Haynes, C.V. Haury, E. (1975). Archeological Investigations at the Lehner Site, Arizona, 1974–1975 Paper presented at 40th Annual Meeting Society for American Archeology Google Scholar
Haynes, G. (1980). Prey bones and predators: Potential ecologic information from analysis of bone sites Ossa 7 75 97 Google Scholar
Haynes, G. (1981). Bone Modifications and Skeletal Disturbances by Natural Agencies: Studies in North America Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation Catholic University of America Google Scholar
Haynes, G. (1982). Utilization and skeletal disturbances of North American prey carcasses Arctic 35 266 281 Google Scholar
Haynes, G. (1983a). A guide for differentiating mammalian carnivore taxa responsible for gnaw damage to herbivore limb bones Paleobiology 9 164 172 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haynes, G. (1983b). Frequencies of spiral and greenbone fractures on ungulate limb bones in modern surface assemblages American Antiquity 48 102 114 Google Scholar
Haynes, G. (in press a). On watering holes, mineral licks, death, and predation. In “Environments and Extinction in Late Glacial North America” (Meltzer, D. and Mead, J. Eds.). Center for the Study of Early Man, University of Maine, Orono.Google Scholar
Haynes, G. (in press b). Taphonomic perspectives for early man research. In “National Geographic Society Research Grants for 1982” ( Lea, J. Ed.). National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Heizer, R.F. Berger, R. (1970). Radiocarbon age of the gypsum culture University of California Archeological Research Facility Contributions 7 13 18 Google Scholar
Johnson, E. (1977). Animal food resources of Paleoindians Johnson, E. Paleo-Indian Lifeways. The Museum Journal. 17 65 77 Google Scholar
Martin, P.S. (1975). Sloth droppings Natural History 84 74 81 Google Scholar
Morlan, R. (1980). Taphonomy and Archeology in the Upper Pleistocene of the Northern Yukon Territory: A Glimpse of the Peopling of the New World National Museum of Man Ottawa Mercury Series: Archaeological Survey of Canada, Paper No. 94Google Scholar
Rancier, J. Haynes, G. Stanford, D. (1982). 1981 investigations of Lamb Spring Southwestern Lore 48 2 1 17 Google Scholar
Sharrock, F. (1966). Prehistoric occupation patterns in southwest Wyoming and cultural relationships with the Great Basin and Plains Culture areas University of Utah Department of Anthropology, Anthropological Papers 77 Google Scholar
Stanford, D. (1979). The Selby and Dutton sites: Evidence for a possible pre-Clovis occupation of the High Plains Humphrey, R. Stanford, D. Pre-Llano Cultures of the Americas: Paradoxes and Possibilities Anthropological Soc. of Washington, D.C., 101 123 Google Scholar
Warnica, J.M. (1966). New discoveries at the Clovis site American Antiquity 31 345 357 Google Scholar
Wheeler, S.M. (1942). The Archeology of Etna Cave, Lincoln County, Nevada Desert Research Institute Publications in the Social Sciences 7 Google Scholar
Wilmsen, E. Roberts, F.H. (1978). Lindenmeier 1937–1974: Concluding Report on Investigations Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology 24 CrossRefGoogle Scholar