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The neural basis of consciousness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2019

Chris D. Frith Open the ORCID record for Chris D. Frith [Opens in a new window]
Chris D. Frith*
Affiliation:
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging at University College London, UK Institute of Philosophy, Institute of Advanced Study, University of London, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Chris D. Frith, E-mail: c.frith@ucl.ac.uk
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Abstract

Consciousness has evolved and is a feature of all animals with sufficiently complex nervous systems. It is, therefore, primarily a problem for biology, rather than physics. In this review, I will consider three aspects of consciousness: level of consciousness, whether we are awake or in a coma; the contents of consciousness, what determines how a small amount of sensory information is associated with subjective experience, while the rest is not; and meta-consciousness, the ability to reflect upon our subjective experiences and, importantly, to share them with others. I will discuss and compare current theories of the neural and cognitive mechanisms involved in producing these three aspects of consciousness and conclude that the research in this area is flourishing and has already succeeded to delineate these mechanisms in surprising detail.

Keywords

Consciousnessevolutionmeta-consciousnessworking memory

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Type
Invited Review
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 51 , Issue 4 , March 2021 , pp. 550 - 562
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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