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Dual chemistry, high ADF and internal kinematics of the planetary nebula Vy 2-2

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2025

Roldán A. Cala Open the ORCID record for Roldán A. Cala [Opens in a new window] ,
Luis F. Miranda Open the ORCID record for Luis F. Miranda [Opens in a new window]  and
José F. Gómez Open the ORCID record for José F. Gómez [Opens in a new window]
Roldán A. Cala*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
Luis F. Miranda
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
José F. Gómez
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
*
email: rcala@iaa.es
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Abstract

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OH masers are signpost of planetary nebulae (PNe) at a very young stage. In particular, Vy 2-2 was the first OH maser-emitting PN ever identified. It consists of a bright compact shell and a faint bipolar structure. The reported values for its O+2/H+ abundance discrepancy factor (ADF) are inconsistent:; 4.3, and; 11.8. To characterize the ionized gas and to redetermine the ADF(O+2), we have obtained medium-resolution optical spectra. We found that the ionized gas is oxygen-rich (C/O; 0.15), and an ADF(O+2); 13.6. Also, the N/O abundance ratio is; 0.39, implying a low-mass progenitor (Mi ≤ 1.5 Me). Unexpectedly, the detection of stellar weak emission lines (wels) suggests that the central star is carbon-rich. Alternatively, the wels may be emitted by an irradiated companion in a post-common envelope system. We have also obtained high-resolution optical spectroscopy on Vy 2-2. Our spectra kinematically resolve the bright shell and bipolar structure. We found that these expand at: 10 and: 20 km s-1, respectively.

Keywords

(ISM:) planetary nebulae: Vy 2-2maserstechniques: spectroscopichigh angular resolution

Information

Type
Poster Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 19 , Symposium S384: Planetary Nebulae: A Universal Toolbox in the Era of Precision Astrophysics , December 2023 , pp. 441 - 443
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Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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