Hostname: page-component-669899f699-cf6xr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-25T01:14:04.456Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The accretion disk paradigm for young stars

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2007

Claude Bertout
Claude Bertout*
Affiliation:
Institut d'Astrophysique, 98bis, Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Accretion and magnetic fields play major roles in several of the many models put forward to explain the properties of T Tauri stars since their discovery by Alfred Joy in the 1940s. Early investigators already recognized in the 1950s that a source of energy external to the star was needed to account for the emission properties of these stars in the optical range.

The opening of new spectral windows from the infrared to the ultraviolet in the 1970s and 1980s showed that the excess emission of T Tauri stars and related objects extends into all wavelength domains, while evidence of outflow and/or infall in their circumstellar medium was accumulating.

Although the disk hypothesis had been put forward by Merle Walker as early as 1972 to explain properties of YY Orionis stars and although Lynden-Bell and Pringle worked out the accretion disk model and applied it specifically to T Tauri stars in 1974, the prevailing model for young stellar objects until the mid-1980s assumed that they experienced extreme solar-type activity. It then took until the late 1980s before the indirect evidence of disks presented by several teams of researchers became so compelling that a paradigm shift occurred, leading to the current consensual picture.

I briefly review the various models proposed for explaining the properties of young stellar objects, from their discovery to the direct observations of circumstellar disks that have so elegantly confirmed the nature of young stars. I will go on to discuss more modern issues concerning their accretion disk properties and conclude with some results obtained in a recent attempt to better understand the evolution of Taurus-Auriga young stellar objects.

Keywords

Stars: formationstars: pre-main sequence
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 3 , Symposium S243: Star-Disk Interaction in Young Stars , May 2007 , pp. 1 - 12
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2007

References

Adams, F. C., Lada, C. J., Shu, F. H. 1987, ApJ, 312, 788CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adams, F. C. & Shu, F. H. 1986, ApJ, 308, 836CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adams, F. C., Shu, F. H., Lada, C. J. 1988, ApJ, 326, 865CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adams, W. S., Joy, A. H., Humason, M. L.-S., Brayton, A. M. 1935, The spectroscopic absolute magnitudes and parallaxes of 4179 stars ([Chicago, 1935]), 11CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, R. D. & Armitage, P. J. 2006, ApJ, 639, L83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ambartsumian, V. A. 1947, Stellar Evolution and Astrophysics (Acad. Sci. Armenian S.S.R., Erevan)Google Scholar
Ambartsumian, V. A. 1954, Memoires of the Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, 1, 293Google Scholar
Ambartsumian, V. A. 1957, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 3, Non-stable stars, ed. Herbig, G. H., 177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Appenzeller, I. & Dearborn, D. S. P. 1984, ApJ, 278, 689CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Appenzeller, I., Oestreicher, R., Jankovics, I. 1984, A&A, 141, 108Google Scholar
Basri, G. & Bertout, C. 1989, ApJ, 341, 340CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckwith, S. V. W. & Sargent, A. I. 1991, ApJ, 381, 250CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertout, C. 1987, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 122, Circumstellar Matter, ed. Appenzeller, I. & Jordan, C., 23–27CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertout, C., Basri, G., Bouvier, J. 1988, ApJ, 330, 350CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertout, C. & Genova, F. 2006, A&A, 460, 499Google Scholar
Bertout, C., Siess, L., Cabrit, S. 2007, A&AGoogle Scholar
Burbidge, G. R. & Burbidge, E. M. 1955, The Observatory, 75, 212Google Scholar
Burrows, C. J., Stapelfeldt, K. R., Watson, A. M. et al. , 1996, ApJ, 473, 437CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cabrit, S., Edwards, S., Strom, S. E., Strom, K. M. 1990, ApJ, 354, 687CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calvet, N., Basri, G., Kuhi, L. V. 1984, ApJ, 277, 725CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Close, L. M., Roddier, F., Northcott, M. J., Roddier, C., Graves, J. E. 1997, ApJ, 478, 766CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, M. 1983, ApJ, 270, L69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, M. 1987, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 122, Circumstellar Matter, ed. Appenzeller, I. & Jordan, C., 39–50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, M. & Kuhi, L. V. 1979, ApJS, 41, 743CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cram, L. E. 1979, ApJ, 234, 949CrossRefGoogle Scholar
D'Alessio, P., Canto, J., Calvet, N., Lizano, S. 1998, ApJ, 500, 411CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Campli, W. M. 1981, ApJ, 244, 124CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dullemond, C. P., van Zadelhoff, G. J., Natta, A. 2002, A&A, 389, 464Google Scholar
Edwards, S., Cabrit, S., Strom, S. E. et al. , 1987, ApJ, 321, 473CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, S. & Snell, R. L. 1984, ApJ, 281, 237CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feigelson, E. D. & Decampli, W. M. 1981, ApJ, 243, L89CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finkenzeller, U. & Basri, G. 1987, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 122, Circumstellar Matter, ed. Appenzeller, I. & Jordan, C., 103–104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghosh, P. & Lamb, F. K. 1979, ApJ, 232, 259CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giampapa, M. S., Calvet, N., Imhoff, C. L., Kuhi, L. V. 1981, ApJ, 251, 113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenstein, J. L. 1950, PASP, 62, 156Google Scholar
Gullbring, E., Hartmann, L., Briceno, C., Calvet, N. 1998, ApJ, 492, 323CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haro, G. 1952, ApJ, 115, 572CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haro, G. 1957, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 3, Non-stable stars, ed. Herbig, G. H., 26CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartigan, P., Edwards, S., Ghandour, L. 1995, ApJ, 452, 736CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartmann, L., Avrett, E., Edwards, S. 1982, ApJ, 261, 279CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartmann, L., D'Alessio, P., Calvet, N., Muzerolle, J. 2006, ApJ, 648, 484CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartmann, L. & Kenyon, S. J. 1985, ApJ, 299, 462CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartmann, L. & Kenyon, S. J. 1987, ApJ, 312, 243CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbig, G. 1974, QJRAS, 15, 526Google Scholar
Herbig, G. H. 1951, ApJ, 113, 697CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbig, G. H. 1957, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 3, Non-stable stars, ed. Herbig, G. H., 3Google Scholar
Herbig, G. H. 1962, Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1, 47CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbig, G. H. 1977a, ApJ, 217, 693CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbig, G. H. 1977b, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 75, Star Formation, ed. de Jong, T. & Maeder, A., 283Google Scholar
Joy, A. H. 1945, ApJ, 102, 168CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joy, A. H. 1949, ApJ, 110, 424CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joy, A. H. 1952, ApJ, 115, 25CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joy, A. H. 1954, ApJS, 1, 39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joy, A. H. 1957, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 3, Non-stable stars, ed. Herbig, G. H., 31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joy, A. H. 1958, PASP, 70, 505CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joy, A. H. & Humason, M. L. 1949, PASP, 61, 133CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenyon, S. J. & Hartmann, L. 1987, ApJ, 323, 714CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koenigl, A. 1991, ApJ, 370, L39CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuhi, L. V. 1964, ApJ, 140, 1409CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuhi, L. V. 1966, PASP, 78, 430CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lada, C. J. & Wilking, B. A. 1984, ApJ, 287, 610CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lago, M. T. V. T. 1984, MNRAS, 210, 323CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larson, R. B. 1969, MNRAS, 145, 271CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larson, R. B. 1977, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 75, Star Formation, ed. de Jong, T. & Maeder, A., 249–267CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynden-Bell, D. & Pringle, J. E. 1974, MNRAS, 168, 603CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malbet, F., Lachaume, R., Monin, J.-L. 2001, A&A, 379, 515Google Scholar
Marquis de Laplace, P.-S. 1798, Exposition du systeme du monde (Paris: V. Courcier, 1798; 551 p.; in 4.; DCC.4.448)Google Scholar
Mendoza, V. E. E. 1966, ApJ, 143, 1010Google Scholar
Mendoza, V. E. E. 1968, ApJ, 151, 977Google Scholar
Montmerle, T., Koch-Miramond, L., Falgarone, E., Grindlay, J. E. 1983, ApJ, 269, 182CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mundt, R. 1987, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 122, Circumstellar Matter, ed. Appenzeller, I. & Jordan, C., 147–158CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mundt, R. & Fried, J. W. 1983, ApJ, 274, L83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muzerolle, J., Hillenbrand, L., Calvet, N., Briceño, C., Hartmann, L. 2003, ApJ, 592, 266CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Natta, A., Testi, L., Calvet, N., et al. 2007, in Protostars and Planets V, ed. Reipurth, B., Jewitt, D., & Keil, K., 767–781Google Scholar
Natta, A., Testi, L., Randich, S., Muzerolle, J. 2005, Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana, 76, 343Google Scholar
Pinte, C., Ménard, F., Duchêne, G., Bastien, P. 2006, A&A, 459, 797Google Scholar
Rucinski, S. M. 1985, AJ, 90, 2321CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rydgren, A. E., Strom, S. E., Strom, K. M. 1976, ApJS, 30, 307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rydgren, A. E. & Zak, D. S. 1987, PASP, 99, 141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shakura, N. I. & Sunyaev, R. A. 1973, A&A, 24, 337Google Scholar
Shu, F. H. & Adams, F. C. 1987, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 122, Circumstellar Matter, ed. Appenzeller, I. & Jordan, C., 7–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shu, F. H., Adams, F. C., Lizano, S. 1987, ARA&A, 25, 23Google Scholar
Snell, R. L., Loren, R. B., Plambeck, R. L. 1980, ApJ, 239, L17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stapelfeldt, K. R., Krist, J. E., Menard, F., et al. 1998, ApJ, 502, L65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stapelfeldt, K. R., Ménard, F., Watson, A. M., et al. 2003, ApJ, 589, 410CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strom, K. M., Strom, S. E., Edwards, S., Cabrit, S., Skrutskie, M. F. 1989, AJ, 97, 1451CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strom, S. E. 1977, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 75, Star Formation, ed. de Jong, T. & Maeder, A., 179–197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Struve, O. & Rudkjøbing, M. 1949, ApJ, 109, 92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ulrich, R. K. 1976, ApJ, 210, 377CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valenti, J. A., Basri, G., Johns, C. M. 1993, AJ, 106, 2024CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, M. F. 1963, AJ, 68, 298CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, M. F. 1972, ApJ, 175, 89CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walter, F. M. 1987, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 122, Circumstellar Matter, ed. Appenzeller, I. & Jordan, C., 107Google Scholar