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Phytoplankton in the embayments of King George Island (Antarctic Peninsula): a review with emphasis on diatoms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2018

Priscila Kienteca Lange ,
Ryszard Ligowski  and
Denise Rivera Tenenbaum
Priscila Kienteca Lange
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho P. Rocco 211, Prédio CCS, Bl. A, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, 21941-617, Brazil (prilange@gmail.com)
Ryszard Ligowski
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland
Denise Rivera Tenenbaum
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abstract

Considering that phytoplankton assemblages are good bioindicators of environmental conditions, the sensitivity of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) to climate change, and the importance of some areas of its islands as Antarctic Specially Managed Areas, this work assembles published datasets on phytoplankton biodiversity and ecology in confined coastal areas (embayments) of King George Island, WAP. Over 33 years (1980–2013), 415 species from 122 genera have been identified to species level, being mostly diatoms (371 species), with 10 new species described with local material (6 diatoms, 4 cyanobacteria). The importance of diatoms was indicated by the frequent occurrence of Corethron pennatum, Pseudogomphonema kamtshaticum, and abundant benthic genera in the plankton (e.g. Navicula, Cocconeis). The increased contribution of dinoflagellates after 2010 suggests marked changes in the water column. Early-summer blooms differ between the bays' eastern and western shores, with terrestrial melting and wind-driven upwelling inducing the dominance of benthic species at eastern shores, whereas planktonic diatoms (Thalassiosira, Pseudo-nizschia, and Chaetoceros) are most abundant along western shores and central areas. The importance of an accurate identification of organisms that are becoming key ecological components of the region is discussed, as recent changes in the microflora may affect the entire marine food web.

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Type
Research Article
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Polar Record , Volume 54 , Issue 2 , March 2018 , pp. 158 - 175
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

†

Deceased 3 February 2017

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