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Temperature modulates the interaction between fungicide pollution and disease: evidence from a Daphnia-microparasitic yeast model

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2017

Ana P. Cuco ,
Bruno B. Castro Open the ORCID record for Bruno B. Castro [Opens in a new window] ,
Fernando Gonçalves ,
Justyna Wolinska  and
Nelson Abrantes
Ana P. Cuco
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Bruno B. Castro*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
Fernando Gonçalves
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Justyna Wolinska
Affiliation:
Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Mueggelseedamm 301, Berlin 12587, Germany Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-5, Berlin 14195, Germany
Nelson Abrantes
Affiliation:
CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
*
Author for correspondence: Bruno B. Castro, E-mail: brunocastro@bio.uminho.pt
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Abstract

Temperature is expected to modulate the responses of organisms to stress. Here, we aimed to assess the influence of temperature on the interaction between parasitism and fungicide contamination. Specifically, using the cladoceran Daphnia as a model system, we explored the isolated and interactive effects of parasite challenge (yeast Metschnikowia bicuspidata) and exposure to fungicides (copper sulphate and tebuconazole) at two temperatures (17 and 20 °C), in a fully factorial design. Confirming a previous study, M. bicuspidata infection and copper exposure caused independent effects on Daphnia life history, whereas infection was permanently suppressed with tebuconazole exposure. Here, we show that higher temperature generally increased the virulence of the parasite, with the hosts developing signs of infection earlier, reproducing less and dying at an earlier age. These effects were consistent across copper concentrations, whereas the joint effects of temperature (which enhanced the difference between non-infected and infected hosts) and the anti-parasitic action of tebuconazole resulted in a more pronounced parasite × tebuconazole interaction at the higher temperature. Thus, besides independently influencing parasite and contaminant effects, the temperature can act as a modulator of interactions between pollution and disease.

Keywords

aquatic contaminationcopper sulphateDaphnia spp.host–parasite interactionMetschnikowia bicuspidatamultiple stressorsparasitismtebuconazole
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 145 , Issue 7 , June 2018 , pp. 939 - 947
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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