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Patterns of trunk spine growth in two congeneric species of acanthocephalan: investment in attachment may differ between sexes and species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2012

JESÚS S. HERNÁNDEZ-ORTS ,
JUAN T. TIMI ,
JUAN A. RAGA ,
M. GARCÍA-VARELA ,
ENRIQUE A. CRESPO  and
FRANCISCO J. AZNAR
JESÚS S. HERNÁNDEZ-ORTS
Affiliation:
Cavanilles Institute of Biology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
JUAN T. TIMI
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
JUAN A. RAGA
Affiliation:
Cavanilles Institute of Biology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
M. GARCÍA-VARELA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F., México
ENRIQUE A. CRESPO
Affiliation:
Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Boulevard Brown 3600 (9120), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
FRANCISCO J. AZNAR*
Affiliation:
Cavanilles Institute of Biology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
*
*Corresponding author: Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, CalleCatedrático José Beltrán N. 2, 46980, Paterna Valencia, Spain. Tel: +34 963543657. Fax +34 963543733. E-mail: Francisco.Aznar@uv.es
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Summary

Acanthocephalans have evolved a hooked proboscis and some taxa have trunk spines to attach to their definitive hosts. These structures are generated before being used, thus a key question is how investment in attachment could optimally be allocated through the ontogeny. The number and arrangement of hooks and spines are never modified in the definitive host, but it is unclear whether these structures grow during adult development. A comparison of the size of trunk spines between cystacanths and adults of Corynosoma cetaceum and C. australe indicated that spines grow in both species, but only in females, which also had significantly larger spines than males. This sexual dimorphism did not result from pure allometry because the body of females was smaller, and did not grow more than that of males. However, having a longer lifespan, females would need to withstand the extreme flow conditions prevailing in marine mammals for longer, inducing different investment and development schedules for spines. Patterns of spine growth also differed between species: fore-trunk spines grew in both species, but hind-trunk spines did only in C. cetaceum. In conclusion, investment strategies on attachment may differ, not only between congeneric species of acanthocephalan, but also between sexes of the same species.

Keywords

AcanthocephalaCorynosoma australeCorynosoma cetaceumtrunk spineinvestment strategyontogenyattachment
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 139 , Issue 7 , June 2012 , pp. 945 - 955
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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