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Genetic population structure of Gyrodactylus thymalli (Monogenea) in a large Norwegian river system

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2015

RUBEN ALEXANDER PETTERSEN ,
TOR ATLE MO ,
HAAKON HANSEN  and
LEIF ASBJØRN VØLLESTAD
RUBEN ALEXANDER PETTERSEN*
Affiliation:
Department of Biosciences, Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
TOR ATLE MO
Affiliation:
Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway
HAAKON HANSEN
Affiliation:
Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway
LEIF ASBJØRN VØLLESTAD
Affiliation:
Department of Biosciences, Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
*
* Corresponding author: R. A. Pettersen, Department of Biosciences, Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway. E-mail: rubenap@ibv.uio.no
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Summary

The extent of geographic genetic variation is the result of several processes such as mutation, gene flow, selection and drift. Processes that structure the populations of parasite species are often directly linked to the processes that influence the host. Here, we investigate the genetic population structure of the ectoparasite Gyrodactylus thymalli Žitňan, 1960 (Monogenea) collected from grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) throughout the river Glomma, the largest watercourse in Norway. Parts of the mitochondrial dehydrogenase subunit 5 (NADH 5) and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) genes from 309 G. thymalli were analysed to study the genetic variation and investigated the geographical distribution of parasite haplotypes. Three main clusters of haplotypes dominated the three distinct geographic parts of the river system; one cluster dominated in the western main stem of the river, one in the eastern and one in the lower part. There was a positive correlation between pairwise genetic distance and hydrographic distance. The results indicate restricted gene flow between sub-populations of G. thymalli, most likely due to barriers that limit upstream migration of infected grayling. More than 80% of the populations had private haplotypes, also indicating long-time isolation of sub-populations. According to a molecular clock calibration, much of the haplotype diversity of G. thymalli in the river Glomma has developed after the last glaciation.

Keywords

Population structuregene flowSalmonid fishectoparasitenetworksisolation by distance

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Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 142 , Issue 14 , December 2015 , pp. 1693 - 1702
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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