Hostname: page-component-7f64f4797f-fz5kh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-11-07T18:15:31.664Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Coral Reefs in the Philippines

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 April 2009

Alan T. White  and
Susan M. Wells
Alan T. White
Affiliation:
Alan T. White, Dept. of Geography, University of Hawaii.
Susan M. Wells
Affiliation:
Susan M. Wells, IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219c Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB2 0DL, UK.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

With 44,000 sq km of coral reef surrounding its many islands and an everincreasing population that depends heavily on fish for protein food, the damage being done to the Philippine reefs is of serious concern. Silting of the water (the result of erosion following forest clearing), modern fishing methods and the collecting mania all contribute to this. A long list of suitable areas for marine reserves has been compiled, and thanks to education programmes some communities are taking conservation measures for themselves.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Oryx , Volume 16 , Issue 5 , October 1982 , pp. 445 - 451
Copyright
Copyright © Fauna and Flora International 1982

References

1.Alcala, A.C. 1979. Fish yield of Sumilon Island Reserve: implications for coral reef resource management in the Philippines. Presented at the 14th Pacific Science Congress, Aug.-Sept. 1979, Khaborovsk, USSR.Google Scholar
2.Alcala, A.C. and Gomez, E.D.. 1979. Recolonization and growth of hermatypic corals in dynamite-blasted coral reefs in the Central Visayas, Philippines. Proc. Symp. on Ecol. and Biogeogr. Southern Hem., Contribution No. 4, Marine Sciences Center, Univ. of the Philippines.Google Scholar
3.Anon, . 1979. S.O.S. from Puerto Galera. UP Marine Biol. Soc.Google Scholar
4.Cabanban, A. and White, A. 1981. Marine Conservation Program using Non-formal Education at Apo Island, Negro Oriental, Philippines. Presented at the Fourth International Coral Reef Symposium, Manila, Philippines, 18–21 May.Google Scholar
5.Carpenter, K.E. 1977. Philippines coral reef fisheries resources. Phil. J. Fish. 15 (1): 95–125.Google Scholar
6.Carpenter, K.E. and Alcala, A.C.. 1979. Philippine coral reef fisheries resources. Part II. Muro-ami and Kayakas reef fisheries, benefit or bane? Philipp. J. Fish. 15 (2): 217–35.Google Scholar
7.Castañeda, P. 1980. The municipal marine reef park, a community based approach on marine resources management. Preliminary report for the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Manila, Philippines.Google Scholar
8.Gomez, E.D. 1980. Status report on research and degradation problems of the coral reefs of the East Asian Seas. South China Seas Fisheries Development and Coordinating Programme. FAO. UNEP/WG. 41/INF. 15, 66pp.Google Scholar
9.Grigg, R. 1976. Fishery Management of Precious and Stony Corals in Hawaii. Sea Grant Technical Report UNIHI – SEAGRANT –TR–77–03, Univ. of Hawaii.Google Scholar
10.Grimwood, I.R. 1974. National Parks and Wildlife Conservation in the Philippines. UNDP. FAO, Rome.Google Scholar
11.Johannes, R.E. 1975. Pollution and degradation of coral reef communities. In: Tropical marine pollution, E.J., Ferguson Wood and Johannes, R.E. (eds), Amsterdam, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., pp. 13–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Johannes, R.E. 1981. Words of the lagoon. University of California Press, Berkeley, 245pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Mathias, J. and Langham, N.. 1978. Coral reefs. In Chua, Thai-Eng and Mathias, J.A. (eds), Coastal Resources of West Sabah, An Investigation into the Impact of Oil Spill, pp. 117–51. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang.Google Scholar
14.Mcmanus, J. 1980. Philippine coral exports: The coral drain. Iclarm Newsletter, 3, 1: 18–20.Google Scholar
15.Murdy, E. and Ferraris, C.. 1980. The contribution of coral reef fisheries to Philippine fisheries production. Iclarm 3, 1: 21–2.Google Scholar
16.Myers, N. 1980. Conversion of Tropical Moist Forests. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
17.Ray, C. 1975. Critical marine habitats, definitions, description, criteria, and guidelines for identification and management. International Conference on Marine Parks and Reserves, IUCN, Occasional Paper No. 37, pp. 15–59.Google Scholar
18.Ruddle, K. 1981. Pollution in the Marine Coastal Environment. Chapter 6, pp. 137–76. In: Southeast Asian Seas: Frontiers for Development, Sien, Chia Lin and Colin, MacAndrews (eds), Singapore: McGraw-Hill/Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.Google Scholar
19.Smith, I. 1979. A Research Framework for Traditional Fisheries. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM), Manila, Philippines, p. 6.Google Scholar
20.Smith, S.V. 1978. Coral reef area and the contributions of reefs to processes and resources of the world's oceans. Nature, 273, 2: 225–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Umali, R.M. 1980. Coastal Resources Development and Management: Philippine Experience. Presented at the Workshop for Shipping, Energy and Environment: Southeast Asian Perspectives for the 1980s, East West Center, 10–12 December, p. 9.Google Scholar
22.Wells, S. 1981. The coral trade in the Philippines. Traffic Bulletin III, 5. Wildlife Trade Monitoring Unit, Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar
23.Wells, S.M. 1981. International Trade in Ornamental Shells. Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar
24.White, A. Pers. obs.Google Scholar
25.White, A. 1980. Sumilon Island as Philippine marine park pilot site: Implications for island-reef management. Silliman Journal 26, 2: 215–28.Google Scholar
26.White, A. 1981. Management of Philippine Marine Parks. ICLARM Newsletter 4, 3, Manila: 17–18.Google Scholar
27.Yap, H.T. and Gomez, E.D.. 1981. The growth of Acropora pulchra (Brook) in Bolinao, Pangasinan, Philippines. Presented at the Fourth International Coral Reef Symposium, Manila, Philippines, 18–21 May.Google Scholar
28.Zamora, P.M. 1979. Philippine Onshore and Offshore Parks and Reserves: Assessment and evaluation relative to coastal area development, management and environmental protection. University of the Philippines, National Environmental Protection Council, Philippines, pp. 27.Google Scholar