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Post-Processing Electrospun Fibers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2011

Caroline L. Schauer
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Marjorie S. Austero
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Amanda C. Toth
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Abstract

Electrospinning is an inexpensive and simple method of producing non-wovenfiber mats. Electrostatic forces are employed to produce the mats, whichintrinsically have larger specific surface to volume ratio and smaller poresthan traditional fibers. Fibrous mats are typically used in a wide varietyof industries such as filter media, tissue engineering, and sensors.Chitosan, the N-deacetylated derivative of chitin, isenvironmentally friendly, non-toxic, biodegradable, and anti-bacterial.However, due to chitosan’s solubility in aqueous acids, it is electrospunusing trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Modified chitosans, such ascarboxymethylchitosan, are currently under investigation as a means ofcreating designed nanofibrous mats with specific chemistries. However,typically an entirely new set of electrospinning conditions has to bedeveloped for each novel chemistry due to differences in solubility andviscosity. In the present study, we have electrospun chitosan mats andpost-processed the fibers. Two different post-processing conditions wereemployed. One post-production procedure, featuring vapor-phaseglutaraldehyde, effectively crosslinks the fiber mats utilizing a Schiffbase imine functionality. In another post-processing procedure, the as-spunmats are solution-phase post-processed by chemically functionalizing themats with cyano, carboxylic acids and thiol groups. While both methodsmaintained fiber shape and characteristics, there is a definite increase infiber diameters due to processing. FTIR, NMR, SEM and tensile testing havebeen performed on the pre- or post-processed fiber mats. Investigations intothe percent modification are currently underway.

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References

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