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Oxyanion Substituted Ettringites: Synthesis and Characterization; and their Potential Role In Immobilization of As, B, Cr, Se and V

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2011

Premkumari Kumarathasan ,
Gregory J. McCarthy ,
David J. Hassett  and
Debra F. Pflughoeft-Hassett
Premkumari Kumarathasan
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105 USA
Gregory J. McCarthy
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105 USA
David J. Hassett
Affiliation:
Energy and Environmental Research Ctr., Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA
Debra F. Pflughoeft-Hassett
Affiliation:
Energy and Environmental Research Ctr., Univ. of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA
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Abstract

Long-term batch leaching studies of composites of lignite combustion and gasification ashes with a calcium-based scrubber waste have shown the prominent formation of an ettringite structure phase, accompanied by reductions in solution concentrations of potentially hazardous elements such as boron and selenium. The possibility that oxyanions such as arsenate, borate, chromate, molybdate, selenate and vanadate might substitute for sulfate in the ettringite structure has been explored. There are literature reports of fully substituted borate, chromate and selenate [ettringites]*, and of two minerals with partial borate for sulfate substitution. X-ray diffraction phase pure products with chromate and selenate, substituted completely for the sulfate in ettringite, and with arsenate, borate and vanadate partially substituted for sulfate, have been synthesized at room temperature by mixing soluble Ca, Al and sulfate sources and maintaining a pH> 12 with NaOH additions. Attempts to substitute substantial amount of molybdate for sulfate were unsuccessful. The resulting phases were characterized chemically by ICAP spectrometry, ion chromatography and thermal analysis, and for phase purity and unit cell size by XRD. The speciation of the oxyanions in the substituted [ettringite] were confirmed by FTIR spectrometry. In solid solutions, the sulfate/oxyanion ratio was greater in the precipitated solid than in the synthesis solution. Chemical analyses of the [ettringites] did not give simple stoichiometries analogous to Ca6Al2(SO4)(OH)12 ·26H2O. Because nonstoichiometry can be attributed to numerous possibilities for charge balance and defects, structural formulae of the oxyanion substituted [ettringites] could not be established.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 178: Symposium W – Fly Ash and Coal Conversion By-Products VI , 1989 , 83
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1990

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