Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 February 2011
A five-factor, full-factorial experiment on process sensitivity of non-volatile polarization, Pnv for Pt/PZT/Pt capacitors shows the most dramatic factor is the use, or not, of a Ti adhesion layer for the bottom electrode. With the Ti layer, Pnv is generally lower and is sensitive to several factors and interactions involving the crystallization anneal, sol-gel synthesis, and Pt thickness and deposition temperature. A possible cause is Ti diffusion through the Pt as observed in Auger and XPS depth profiles of oxygen annealed Pt/Ti electrodes.