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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 February 2011
Titanium dioxide macro-cellular monolith-type materials have been obtained with emphases toward controlling porosity at the meso- and macroscopic length scales, leading thus to hierarchically organized porous architectures. First, at the microscopic length scale, either monophasic Anatase, biphasic Anatase-Rutile or monophasic Rutile allotropic forms are generated by varying the applied thermal treatment. At the meso- and/or nanoscopic length scales either lyotropic templates or latex colloids have been used to promote meso- or super-mesoporosity. Particularly, a Pluronic copolymer P-123 combined with cationic surfactant (TTAB) induces vermicular-like mesoporosity associated with a specific surface area around 450 m2·g-1. At the macroscopic length scale a non-static air-liquid foam strategy allows a strong control over the open-cell morphologies.