Hostname: page-component-857557d7f7-ms8jb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-12-05T15:14:17.535Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Calcium Phosphate Cements: Chemistry, Properties, and Applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

Laurence C. Chow
Laurence C. Chow*
Affiliation:
American Dental Association Health Foundation, Paffenbarger Research Center, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
Get access

Abstract

This paper reviews recent studies on self-setting calcium phosphate cements (CPC). Discussions are focused on the cement setting reactions, the products formed, those properties of the cements that contribute to their clinical efficacy, and areas of future improvements that could make CPC useful in a wider range of applications. The strengths of CPC are considerably lower than ceramic calcium phosphate biomaterials and are also lower than some of the dental cements. On the other hand, the combination of self-setting capability and high biocompatibility makes CPC a unique biomaterial. Near perfect adaptation of the cement to the tissue surfaces in a defect, and a gradual resorption followed by new bone formation are some of the distinctive advantages of CPC. In its present state CPC appears to be suitable for a number of applications. Much remains to be done to further improve its properties to meet the requirements for different applications.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 599: Symposium DD – Mineralization in Natural & Synthetic Biomaterials , 1999 , 27
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

1. Brown, W E, Chow, L C: "A New Calcium Phosphate, Water-setting Cement," in Cements Research Progress 1986, ed. Brown, P.W., pp.352–379, Westerville, OH; The Am. Ceram. Soc, 1987.Google Scholar
2. Chow, L C, Markovic, M, Takagi, S: "Calcium Phosphate Cements" in Cements Research Progress 1997, ed. Struble, L. J., pp. 215–238, Westerville, OH; The Am Ceram Soc 1998.Google Scholar
3. Gregory, T M, Moreno, E C, Brown, W E: Solubility of CaHPO4·2H2O in the System Ca(OH)2-H3PO4-H2O at 5, 15, 25 and 37.5 °C. J Res Nat Bur Stand. 74(A), 773–782, 1968.Google Scholar
4. Chow, L C, Takagi, S, "Calcium phosphate cements" in Cements Research Progress 1994, ed. Struble, L. J., pp. 189–201, Westerville, OH; The Am. Ceram Soc, 1996.Google Scholar
5. Chow, L C: Development of Self-setting Calcium Phosphate Cements. J Ceramic Soc Japan, 99:954–964, 1991.Google Scholar
6. Fukase, Y, Eanes, E D, Takagi, S, Chow, L C, Brown, W E: Setting Reactions and Compressive Strengths of Calcium Phosphate Cements. J Dent Res 69, 1852–1856, 1990.Google Scholar
7. Chow, L C, Takagi, S, Costantino, P D, and Friedman, C D: Self-Setting Calcium Phosphate Cements. Matl Res Symp Proc 179, 3–24, 1991.Google Scholar
8. Brown, W E, Epstein, E F: Crystallography of Tetracalcium Phosphate. J Res Nat Bur Stand. 69 (A), 547–551, 1965.Google Scholar
9. Monma, H, Goto, M, and Kohmura, T: Effects of Hydration and Hardening of Tricalcium Phosphate. Gypsum & Lime No. 188, 11–16, 1984.Google Scholar
10. Mirtchi, A A, Lemaitre, J, and Terao, N: Calcium Phosphate Cements: Study Of The Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate--Monocalcium Phosphate System. Biomaterials 10, 475–480, 1989.Google Scholar
11. Takagi, S, Chow, L C, Ishikawa, K: Formation of Hydroxyapatite in New Calcium Phosphate Cements, Biomaterials 19:1593–1599, 1998.Google Scholar
12. Sugawara, A, Chow, L C, Takagi, S, Chohayeb, H: In vitro Evaluation of the Sealing Ability of a Calcium Phosphate Cement When Used as a Root Canal Sealer-Filler. J Endodon 16, 162–165, 1990.Google Scholar
13. Sugawara, A, Nishiyama, M, Chow, L C, Takagi, S: A New Biocompatible Material: Calcium Phosphate Cement - Biomedical Applications. Tokyoto Shika Ishikai Zashi, 38, 348–354 (1990).Google Scholar
14. Costantino, P D, Friedman, C D, Jones, K, Chow, L C, Sisson, G A: Experimental Hydroxyapatite Cement Cranioplasty. Plas. Reconstr Surg, 90:174–191, 1992.Google Scholar
15. Friedman, C D, Costantino, P D, Jones, K, Chow, L C, Pelzer, H J, Sisson, G A: Hydroxyapatite Cement IObliteration, I. and Reconstruction of The Cat Frontal Sinus. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 117, 385–389, 1991.Google Scholar
16. Hong, Y C, Wang, J T, Hong, C Y, Brown, W E, Chow, L C: The Periapical Tissue Reactions to A Calcium Phosphate Cement in The Teeth of Monkeys. J Biomed Mater Res 25, 485–498, 1991.Google Scholar
17. Lew, D, Farrell, B, Bardach, J, Keller, J: Repair of Craniofacial Defects with Hydroxyapatite Cement. JOralMaxillofac Surg 55, 1441–1449, 1997.Google Scholar
18. Shindo, M L, Costantino, P D, Friedman, C D, Chow, L C: Facial Skeletal Augmentation Using Hydroxyapatite Cement. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 119:185–190, 1993.Google Scholar
19. Sugawara, A, Nishiyama, M, Kusama, K, Moro, I, Nishimura, S, Kudo, I, Chow, L C, Takagi, S: Histopathological Reaction of Calcium Phosphate Cement. Dent Mater J, 11, 11–16, 1992.Google Scholar
20. American Dental Association Specification No. 9 for Dental Silicate Cement, "Guide to Dental Materials and Devices," 7th edition, pp. 194–202, American Dental Association, Chicago IL, 1974/1975.Google Scholar
21. Ishkawa, K, Takagi, S, Chow, L C, Ishkawa, Y: Properties and Mechanisms of Fast-setting Calcium Phosphate Cements. J. Matl Sci: Matl Med 6:528–533, 1995.Google Scholar
22. Chow, L C, Hirayama, S, Takagi, S., and Parry, E. Diametral Tensile Strength and Compressive Strengths of A Calcium Phosphate Cement: Effect of Applied Pressure. Submitted to J Biomed Mater Res.Google Scholar
23. Cherng, A, Takagi, S, Chow, L C: Effects of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Other Gelling Agents on the Handling Properties of Calcium Phosphate Cement. J Biomed Mater Res 35:273–277, 1997.Google Scholar
24. Chow, L C, Markovic, M, Takagi, S, Chemg, M: Injectable Calcium Phosphate Cements – Effects of Cement Liquid on the Physical Properties of the Cement. Innovation and Technology in Biology and Medicine (France) 18(Spec. Iss. GRIBOI 97):11–14, 1997.Google Scholar
25. Krell, K V, Wefel, J S: A Calcium Phosphate Cement Root Canal Sealer--Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis. J. Endodon 10, 571–576, 1984.Google Scholar
26. Takezawa, Y, Doi, Y, Shibata, S, Wakamatsu, N, Kamemizu, H, lihima, M, Horiguchi, T, Moriwaki, Y, Uno, K, Yamamoto, K, Haeuchi, Y: Japan, J. Soc. Dent. Matls. Devices 7, 641–647 (1988).Google Scholar
27. LeGeros, R Z: Calcium Phosphates in Oral Biology and Medicine, Myers HM, Ed., KARGER, Basel, pp. 162, 1994.Google Scholar
28. Bauer, G, Fellows, B J, Gottschalk, H, Dumbach, J, Spitzer, W J, Donath, K: Auswirkung des pHwerts verchiedener Calciumphosphat Keramiken auf die Biologische Umgebung. DVM-AK "Implantate": Bioaktive Werkstoffe, 6103, 1985.Google Scholar
29. Takagi, S, Chow, L C: Formation of macropores in calcium phosphate cement implants. J Mater Sci: Mater in Med (in press).Google Scholar
30. Markovic, M, Takagi, S, Chow, L C (1998). Calcium phosphate cement with incorporated mannitol crystals (abstract no. 1261). J Dent Res 77 (Spec Iss B):789.Google Scholar
31. Kamerer, D B, Friedman, C D, Costantino, P D, Snyderman, C H, Hirsch, B F: Hydroxyapatite Cement: A New Method For Achieving Watertight Closure In Transtemporal Surgery. Am J Otol 15(1) 47–49, 1994.Google Scholar
32. Kveton, J F, Friedman, C D, Piepmeier, J M, Constantino, P D: Reconstruction Of Suboccipital Craniectomy Defects With Hydroxyapatite Cement: A Preliminary Report. Laryngoscope 105(2) 156–159, 1995.Google Scholar
33. Kveton, J F, Friedman, C D, Constantino, P D: Indications For Hydroxyapatite Cement Reconstruction In Lateral Skull Base Surgery: Am J Otol 16(4) 465–469, 1995.Google Scholar
34. Kveton, J F: Obliteration Of The Eustachian Tube Using Hydroxyapatite Cement: A Permanent Technique. Laryngoscope 106(10) 1241–1243, 1996.Google Scholar
35. Weissman, J L, Snyderman, C H, Hirsch, B F: Hydroxyapatite Cement To Repair Skull Base Defects: Radiologic Appearance. Am JN euroradiol 17(8) 1569–1574 (1996).Google Scholar
36. McDowell, H, Brown, W E, Sutter, J R: Solubility Study of Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate: Ion Pair Formation. Inorg Chem 10, 1638–1643, 1971.Google Scholar
37. Tung, M S, Eidelman, N, Sieck, B, Brown, W E: Octacalcium Phosphate Solubility Product from 4 to 37°C. J Res Nat Bur Stand 93, 613–624, 1988.Google Scholar
38. Fowler, B O, Kuroda, S: Calcif. Tissue Int 38, 197–208, 1986.Google Scholar
39. Gregory, T M, Moreno, E C, Patel, J M, Brown, W E: Solubility of β-Ca3(PO4)2 in the System Ca(OH)2-H3PO4-H2O at 5, 15, 25, and 37 °C. J Res Nat Bur Stand 78(A), 667–674. 1974.Google Scholar
40. McDowell, H., Gregory, T M, Brown, W E: Solubility of Ca5(PO4)3OH in the System Ca(OH)2-H3PO4-H2O at 5, 15, 25 and 37°C. J Res of NBS (Phys and Chem) 81A(2,3):273–281, 1977.Google Scholar
41. Moreno, E C, Kresak, M, Zahradnik, R T: Physicochemical Aspects Of Fluoride-Apatite Systems Relevant To The Study Of Dental Caries. Caries Res 11 (Suppl. 1), 142–171, 1977.Google Scholar
42. Matsuya, S, Takagi, S, Chow, L C: Hydrolysis of Tetracalcium Phosphate in H3PO4 and KH2PO4. J Mater Sci 31:3263–3269, 1996.Google Scholar