Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 February 2011
In CMOS, the addition of chlorine particularly in TCA form to the growth of thermal oxides in logic technologies is well-known and pervasive. In addition to the increasing environmental concerns of chlorine use, one of the important parameters is the amount of metallic contamination due to transition metals such as Fe in the Si, and alkali metals like Na in the oxide since these phenomena effect both device performance and quality. However, the ability to measure this parameter on product material is not generally available due to inherent problems with most known methods. In this paper we report on the application of high-injection, frequency based optical surface photovoltage (SPV) and a more recent technique known as a contact potential difference (CPD) to both quantify and qualify as-grown oxides on CZ P-type silicon.
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