Hostname: page-component-6dbcb7884d-q4sxc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-13T20:24:50.595Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Generation Mechanism of Hydrogen Gas from Hardened Cement Paste by γ-Irradiation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

K. Noshita ,
T. Nishi  and
M. Matsuda
K. Noshita
Affiliation:
Energy Research Lab., Hitachi Ltd. 7–2–1 Ohmika, Hitachi, Ibaraki 319–12, Japan
T. Nishi
Affiliation:
Energy Research Lab., Hitachi Ltd. 7–2–1 Ohmika, Hitachi, Ibaraki 319–12, Japan
M. Matsuda
Affiliation:
Energy Research Lab., Hitachi Ltd. 7–2–1 Ohmika, Hitachi, Ibaraki 319–12, Japan
Get access

Abstract

Hydrogen gas is generated from cementitious waste forms by radiolysis of water. In the case of low level radioactive waste, gas yields have been confirmed to be sufficiently low by irradiation experiments. However, studies have suggested that the hydrogen generation rate in cementitious waste forms is larger than the rate calculated from the g-value (H2 yields for 100eV absorbed). In this paper, the factors that increase the gas generation were investigated quantitatively. Two factors were identified, the effect of an organic diethylene glycol which reacts with hydrogen radicals to produce hydrogen, and the effect of electrons generated in the cementitious matrix which decompose water to hydrogen. The hydrogen generation rate was confirmed to drop less than the rate calculated from the g-value when these factors were eliminated.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 353: Symposium – Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XVIII , 1994 , 921
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Radwaste Radiolytic Gas Generation Literature Review, EPRI NP-5977(1988)Google Scholar
2. Bibler, N.E., Radiolytic Gas Production from Concrete Containing Savannah River Plant Waste, DP-1464(1978)Google Scholar
3. Colombo, P., Nielson, R.M. Jr., Properties of Radioactive Wastes and Waste Containers, NUREG/CR-0619, BNL-NUREG-50957(1979)Google Scholar
4. Molecke, M.A., Gas Generation From Transuranic Waste Degradation; Data Summary and Interpretation, SAND79-1245(1979)Google Scholar
5. Möckle, H., Köster, R., Nucl. Tech., 59, 494 (1982)Google Scholar
6. Offermann, P., in Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XII, edited by Lutze, W., Ewing, R.C., pp.461–468(1989)Google Scholar
7. Draganic, I.G., Draganic, Z.D., The Radiation Chemistry of Water, Academic Press, New York, N.Y.(1971)Google Scholar
8. ASTM C465–74, Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements Google Scholar
9. Schwarz, H.A., Losee, J.P. Jr., Allen, A.O., J. Phys. Chem., 76, pp.4693–4694(1954)Google Scholar
10. Numata, S., Amano, H., Okamoto, M., J. Nucl. Mat., 171, pp.359–359(1990)Google Scholar
11. Bibler, N.E., in Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management II, edited by Northup, C.J.M., Plenum Press, New York, 585(1980)Google Scholar
12. Rabe, J.G., Rabe, B., Allen, A.O., J. Phys. Chem., 70, pp. 1098–1107(1966)Google Scholar
13. Allen, A.O., Gangwer, T.E., Holroyd, R.A., J. Phys. Chem., 79, pp.25–31(1975)Google Scholar
14. Nakashima, M., Aratano, Y., Radiat. Phys. Chem., 41, No.3, pp.461–465(1993)Google Scholar
15. Selected Specific Rates of Reactions of Transients from Water in Aqueous Solution; 1.Hydrated Electron, U.S. Department of Commerse/National Bureau of Standards, NSRD-NBS, 43, 51(1973)Google Scholar
16. Buxton, G.V., Greenstock, C.L., Helman, W.P., Ross, A.B., Critical Review of Rate Constants for Reactions of Hydrated Electrons, Hydrogen Atoms and Hydroxyl Radicals in Aqueous Solution, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 17, No.2, pp.513(1988)Google Scholar
17. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 65th ed.(CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida), pp.B-140; pp.B-222(1985)Google Scholar