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Saranchinaite, Na2Cu(SO4)2, a new exhalative mineral from Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, and a product of the reversible dehydration of kröhnkite, Na2Cu(SO4)2(H2O)2

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2018

Oleg I. Siidra ,
Evgeniya A. Lukina ,
Evgeniy V. Nazarchuk ,
Wulf Depmeier ,
Rimma S. Bubnova ,
Atali A. Agakhanov ,
Evgeniya Yu. Avdontseva ,
Stanislav K. Filatov  and
Vadim M. Kovrugin
Oleg I. Siidra*
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, 7–9 University Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia Nanomaterials Research Center, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Murmansk Region, 184200, Russia
Evgeniya A. Lukina
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, 7–9 University Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Evgeniy V. Nazarchuk
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, 7–9 University Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Wulf Depmeier
Affiliation:
Institut für Geowissenschaften der Universität Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, Kiel, D-24098, Germany
Rimma S. Bubnova
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, 7–9 University Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Atali A. Agakhanov
Affiliation:
Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Science, Leninskii Pr-t, Bldg. 18, Moscow 117071, Russia
Evgeniya Yu. Avdontseva
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, 7–9 University Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Stanislav K. Filatov
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, 7–9 University Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Vadim M. Kovrugin
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, 7–9 University Emb., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
*
*E-mail: o.siidra@spbu.ru
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Abstract

The new mineral saranchinaite, ideally Na2Cu(SO4)2, was found in sublimates of the Saranchinaitovaya fumarole, Naboko Scoria Cone, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Its discovery and study has enabled the characterization of the thermal decomposition of kröhnkite and provided an insight into the high-temperature behaviour of other kröhnkite-type materials. Saranchinaite is monoclinic, P21, a = 9.0109(5), b = 15.6355(8), c = 10.1507(5) Å, β = 107.079(2)°, V = 1367.06(12) Å3, Z = 8 and R1 = 0.03. Saranchinaite is a unique mineral in that two of its four independent Cu sites display a very unusual Cu2+ coordination environment with two weak Cu–O bonds of ~2.9–3.0 Å, resulting in [4+1+2] CuO7 polyhedra. Each of the Cu-centred polyhedra shares common corners with SO4 tetrahedra resulting in a [Cu4(SO4)8]8– framework with a complex channel system occupied by Na atoms. Saranchinaite is sensitive to moisture and transforms into kröhnkite within one week when exposed to open air at 87% relative humidity and 25°C. High-temperature X-ray diffraction studies were performed for both kröhnkite (from La Vendida mine, Antofagasta Region, Chile) and saranchinaite. During thermal expansion kröhnkite retains its strongly anisotropic character up to its full dehydration and the formation of saranchinaite at ~200°C, which then transforms back into kröhnkite after exposure to open air. The thermal expansion of saranchinaite is more complex than that of kröhnkite. Saranchinaite is stable up to 475°C with subsequent decomposition into tenorite CuO, thénardite Na2SO4 and unidentified phases.

Keywords

sulfateshydrationdehydrationhigh-temperature X-ray diffractionframework structurescopper coordinationnew mineralsaranchinaitekröhnkiteTolbachik Fissure eruption 2012–2013
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 82 , Issue 2 , April 2018 , pp. 257 - 274
Copyright
Copyright © Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2018 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Ed Grew

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