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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 June 2025
Let E be an elliptic curve defined over ${{\mathbb{Q}}}$ which has good ordinary reduction at the prime p. Let K be a number field with at least one complex prime which we assume to be totally imaginary if
$p=2$. We prove several equivalent criteria for the validity of the
$\mathfrak{M}_H(G)$-property for
${{\mathbb{Z}}}_p$-extensions other than the cyclotomic extension inside a fixed
${{\mathbb{Z}}}_p^2$-extension
$K_\infty/K$. The equivalent conditions involve the growth of
$\mu$-invariants of the Selmer groups over intermediate shifted
${{\mathbb{Z}}}_p$-extensions in
$K_\infty$, and the boundedness of
$\lambda$-invariants as one runs over
${{\mathbb{Z}}}_p$-extensions of K inside of
$K_\infty$.
Using these criteria we also derive several applications. For example, we can bound the number of ${{\mathbb{Z}}}_p$-extensions of K inside
$K_\infty$ over which the Mordell–Weil rank of E is not bounded, thereby proving special cases of a conjecture of Mazur. Moreover, we show that the validity of the
$\mathfrak{M}_H(G)$-property sometimes can be shifted to a larger base field K′.
Dedicated to the memory of John H. Coates