Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 September 2022
Las ciencias sociales por lo general han propuesto lecturas de las clases populares y de lo popular que han tendido a minimizar la existencia de formas de individualidad en su seno, dando lugar a visiones altamente colectivistas de sus miembros. Sobre la base de dos investigaciones empíricas de tipo cualitativo para el caso de Chile, realizadas mediante entrevistas semidirectivas y técnicas grupales, este artículo discute que, sin desconocer la comunidad de experiencias observable entre sus miembros, es posible dar cuenta de ciertos procesos individualizadores específicos en este grupo social. Frente a las numerosas adversidades de su existencia en un contexto de alta inestabilidad posicionai y exigencia de híperactuación, los miembros de los sectores populares urbanos tienden a afirmar su individualidad a partir de tres dimensiones: la fortaleza de carácter; la habilidad y el sentido de oportunidad; y el goce y la irreverencia humorística.
The social sciences have usually downplayed the existence of forms of individuality in their analysis of popular classes and the popular, offering instead highly collectivist visions of popular classes and their members. Based on two qualitative, empirical studies conducted in Chile using semistructured interviews and group techniques, this article, without disregarding the commonality of experiences within these classes, discusses specific individualizing processes for the popular social group. Facing numerous adversities in a context of high positional instability and acute demands for hyperagency, members of popular urban sectors tend to affirm their individuality by relying on three dimensions: strength of character, personal abilities and sense of opportunity, and irreverent joy and sense of humor.
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