Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 August 2021
A structure ${\mathbb Y}$ of a relational language L is called almost chainable iff there are a finite set
$F \subset Y$ and a linear order
$\,<$ on the set
$Y\setminus F$ such that for each partial automorphism
$\varphi $ (i.e., local automorphism, in Fraïssé’s terminology) of the linear order
$\langle Y\setminus F, <\rangle $ the mapping
$\mathop {\mathrm {id}}\nolimits _F \cup \varphi $ is a partial automorphism of
${\mathbb Y}$. By theorems of Fraïssé and Pouzet, an infinite structure
${\mathbb Y}$ is almost chainable iff the profile of
${\mathbb Y}$ is bounded; namely, iff there is a positive integer m such that
${\mathbb Y}$ has
$\leq m$ non-isomorphic substructures of size n, for each positive integer n. A complete first order L-theory
${\mathcal T}$ having infinite models is called almost chainable iff all models of
${\mathcal T}$ are almost chainable and it is shown that the last condition is equivalent to the existence of one countable almost chainable model of
${\mathcal T}$. In addition, it is proved that an almost chainable theory has either one or continuum many non-isomorphic countable models and, thus, the Vaught conjecture is confirmed for almost chainable theories.