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Simultaneous phase- and morphology-controlled synthesis of MnO2 crystals through controlled release of cuprous ions in hydrothermal condition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Yange Zhang ,
Zhi Zheng ,
Ka Wai Wong ,
Fengling Yang  and
Zude Zhang
Yange Zhang
Affiliation:
Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, China
Zhi Zheng*
Affiliation:
Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, China
Ka Wai Wong*
Affiliation:
Institute of Precision Engineering and Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
Fengling Yang
Affiliation:
Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, China
Zude Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
*
a) e-mail: zhengzhi9999@yahoo.com.cn
b) e-mail: kwwong@cuhk.edu.hk
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Abstract

The α-, β-, and δ-MnO2 with various morphologies have been synthesized by a novel redox system of KMnO4 and CuCl with HCl added under a hydrothermal condition. The resultant MnO2 products have been characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Upon control of reaction temperature and duration, it was observed that MnO2 polymorphs of different morphology (e.g., flowery δ-MnO2, β-MnO2 nanowires and octahedrons, α-MnO2 nanowires) can be prepared in an adjustable manner. The phenomenon is mainly attributed to the effect of cuprous ions controllably released from CuCl by the action of HCl at different experimental conditions. The corresponding formation mechanism for the MnO2 crystals will also be proposed and discussed.

Keywords

Chemical synthesisCrystal growthHydrothermal

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Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 24 , Issue 1 , January 2009 , pp. 58 - 65
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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