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Microstructure development and piezoelectric properties of highly textured CuO-doped KNN by templated grain growth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Yunfei Chang ,
Stephen F. Poterala ,
Zupei Yang ,
Susan Trolier-McKinstry  and
Gary L. Messing
Yunfei Chang
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
Stephen F. Poterala
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Zupei Yang
Affiliation:
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
Gary L. Messing*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: messing@ems.psu.edu

Abstract

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This paper demonstrates the production of 〈00l〉-oriented CuO-doped (K0.476Na0.524)NbO3 (KNN) piezoelectric ceramics with a polymorphic phase transition (PPT) temperature greater than 180 °C by templated grain growth (TGG) using high aspect ratio NaNbO3 template particles. A novel (to the KNN system) two-step sintering and annealing process combined with CuO doping is demonstrated to improve density and maximize texture quality (F00l = 99% and rocking curve FWHM = 6.9°) in textured KNN ceramics. The best electromechanical properties (kp ≈ 0.58, k31 ≈ 0.33, d33 ≈ 146 pC/N, To-t ≈ 183 °C, Tc ≈ 415 °C, εr = 202, and tan δ = 0.016) are achieved in 1 mol% CuO-doped KNN with F00l = 99% and a relative density of 96.3%. The values of d33, kp, and k31 are 70–90% higher than randomly oriented ceramics and are obtained without a significant reduction in the PPT temperature, resulting in stable piezoelectric performance over a wide temperature range (−50 to 180 °C). These results show that high-quality textured KNN can be obtained by TGG and that a reactive matrix is unnecessary.

Keywords

PiezoelectricSinteringTexture
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , April 2010 , pp. 687 - 694
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

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