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Microstructural studies of laser irradiated graphite surfacesa)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

J.S. Speck ,
J. Steinbeck  and
M.S. Dresselhaus
J.S. Speck
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
J. Steinbeck
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
M.S. Dresselhaus
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139

Abstract

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The structure of pulsed laser irradiated graphite surfaces has been elucidated. The pulse fluences range up to 4 J cm−2 with durations no longer than 30 ns. The region exterior to the irradiated spot is littered with ∼0.1 μm diameter carbon spheroids. The boundary region is characterized by both spheroids and torn layers 1–5 μm. in lateral extent. The central region displays carbon spheroids and surface upheavals. The carbon spheroids are attributed to hydrodynamic sputtering of carbon. The surface upheavals and torn carbon layers are attributed to constrained thermal expansion and contraction of the irradiated region. It is estimated that a nearly instantaneous 1000°C temperature change is necessary to cause the observed surface deformation. Pulse fluences in excess of 0.8 J cm−2 cause a thin layer of carbon to melt. This is proven by the fact that the irradiated layer in the solid phase has a turbostratic structure. Electron diffraction experiments and dark-field imaging experiments show that the basal plane grain size of the resolidified material varies from ∼20 Å at the melt threshold to ∼100 Å for samples irradiated with 4.0 J cm−2.

Information

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 5 , Issue 5 , May 1990 , pp. 980 - 988
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1990

References

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