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Curvature effects in carbon nanomaterials: Exohedral versus endohedral supercapacitors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Jingsong Huang ,
Bobby G. Sumpter ,
Vincent Meunier ,
Gleb Yushin ,
Cristelle Portet  and
Yury Gogotsi
Vincent Meunier
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367
Gleb Yushin
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245
Yury Gogotsi*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, A.J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
*
b)e-mail: gogotsi@drexel.edu. This author was an editor of this journal during the review and decision stage. For the JMR policy on review and publication of manuscripts authored by editors, please refer to http://www.mrs.org/jmr_policy
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Abstract

Capacitive energy storage mechanisms in nanoporous carbon supercapacitors hinge on endohedral interactions in carbon materials with macro-, meso-, and micropores that have negative surface curvature. In this article, we show that because of the positive curvature found in zero-dimensional carbon onions or one-dimensional carbon nanotube arrays, exohedral interactions cause the normalized capacitance to increase with decreasing particle size or tube diameter, in sharp contrast to the behavior of nanoporous carbon materials. This finding is in good agreement with the trend of recent experimental data. Our analysis suggests that electrical energy storage can be improved by exploiting the highly curved surfaces of carbon nanotube arrays with diameters on the order of 1 nm.

Keywords

Energy storage

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Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 25 , Issue 8: Materials for Electrical Energy Storage , August 2010 , pp. 1525 - 1531
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

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