Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-wlg5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-30T01:26:07.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Metastable copper-chromium alloy films

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

A.P. Payne  and
B.M. Clemens
A.P. Payne
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305–2205
B.M. Clemens
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305–2205
Get access

Abstract

Due to the large positive heat of mixing associated with the Cu–Cr binary system, solid solutions exist only as nonequilibrium states. In this study, a series of metastable Cu–Cr alloys ranging in composition from 14.1 to 75.4% copper was fabricated by sputter deposition. Symmetric, asymmetric, and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction geometries were used to trace the phase transition from bcc to fcc crystal structures with increasing Cu fraction. It is shown that the transition takes place not by a two-phase region suggested by equilibrium thermodynamics, but rather through gradual disordering of the bcc lattice as copper atoms are substitutionally accommodated. At a critical saturation near 71% Cu, the bcc structure becomes unstable relative to the fcc and a phase transition occurs. The free energies of the kinetically constrained Cu–Cr system are modeled and the results are found to agree well with observed behavior.

Information

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 7 , Issue 6 , June 1992 , pp. 1370 - 1376
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

1.Hansen, M., Constitution of Binary Alloys, 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1958).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Hamman, J. F., Siemens Forsch. Entwicklungsber. 9, 210 (1980).Google Scholar
3.Falkenhagen, G. and Hofmann, W., Z. Metallkd. 43, 69 (1952).Google Scholar
4.Westendorp, J. F. M., Koelewijn, W., H, W. G. J.. van Sark, M., Saris, F. W., van der Pers, N. M., and de Keijser, Th. H., J. Mater. Res. 1, 652 (1986).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Draper, C. W., Jacobsen, D. C., Gibson, J. M., Poate, J. M., Vandenberg, J. M., and Cullis, A. G., in Laser and Electron Beam Interactions with Solids, edited by Appleton, B. R. and Cellar, G. K. (North Holland, New York, 1982).Google Scholar
6.Dirks, A. G. and van den Broek, J. J., J. Vac. Sci Technol. A 3, 2618 (1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Doerner, M. F. and Brennan, S., J. Appl. Phys. 63, 126 (1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Swalin, R. A., Thermodynamics of Solids, 2nd ed. (John Wiley, New York, 1972).Google Scholar
9.Guggenheim, E. A., Mixtures (Oxford Press, London, 1952).Google Scholar
10.Kaufman, L. and Bernstein, H., Computer Calculation of Phase Diagrams (Academic Press, New York, 1970).Google Scholar
11.Miedema, A. R., Philips Tech. Rev. 8, 36 (1976).Google Scholar
12.Meyer, K., Schuller, I. K., and CFalco, M., J. Appl. Phys. 52, 5803 (1981).CrossRefGoogle Scholar