Hostname: page-component-5cf477f64f-h6p2m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-03T01:04:01.729Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

According to mitochondrial DNA evidence, Parascaris equorum and Parascaris univalens may represent the same species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 May 2018

J.F. Gao ,
X.X. Zhang ,
X.X. Wang ,
Q. Li ,
Y. Li ,
W.W. Xu ,
Y. Gao  and
C.R. Wang
J.F. Gao
Affiliation:
College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China Department of Parasitology, Heilongjiang Institute of Veterinary Science, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, 161005, PR China
X.X. Zhang
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
X.X. Wang
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
Q. Li
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
Y. Li
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
W.W. Xu
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
Y. Gao
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
C.R. Wang*
Affiliation:
College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
*
Author for correspondence: C.R. Wang, E-mail: chunrenwang@126.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Parascarosis is caused mainly by parasitic infections with Parascaris equorum and Parascaris univalens, the most common ascarid nematodes, in the small intestine of equines. Parascarosis often causes severe illness and even death in foals and yearlings. In this study, we obtained the complete sequence of the P. equorum mitochondrial (mt) genome and compared its organization and structure with that of P. equorum Japan isolate (nearly complete), and the complete mtDNA sequences of P. univalens Switzerland and USA isolates. The complete mtDNA genome of P. equorum China isolate is 13,899 base pairs (bp), making it the smallest of the four genomes. All four Parascaris mt genomes are circular, and all genes are transcribed in the same direction. The P. equorum mtDNA genome consists of 12 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer (t) RNA genes and one non-coding region, which is consistent with P. equorum Japan isolate and P. univalens Switzerland isolate but distinct from P. univalens USA isolate, which has 20 tRNA genes. Differences in nucleotide sequences of the four entire mt genomes range from 0.1–0.9%, and differences in total amino acid sequences of protein-coding genes are 0.2–2.1%. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the four Parascaris species clustered in a clade, indicating that P. equorum and P. univalens are very closely related. These mt genome datasets provide genetic evidence that P. equorum and P. univalens may represent the same species, which will be of use in further studies of the taxonomy, systematics and population genetics of ascarids and other nematodes.

Type
Short Communication
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 93 , Issue 3 , May 2019 , pp. 383 - 388
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beasley, A, Coleman, G and Kotze, AC (2015) Suspected ivermectin resistance in a south-east Queensland Parascaris equorum population. Australian Veterinary Journal 93, 305–307.Google Scholar
Boveri, T (1887) Über Differenzierung der Zellkerne während der Furchung des Eies von Ascaris megalocephala. Anatomischer Anzeiger 2, 688–693.Google Scholar
Chang, QC, et al. (2015) Sequence variability in three mitochondrial genes among four roundworm species from wild animals in China. Mitochondrial DNA 26, 75–78.Google Scholar
Easton, S, et al. (2016) Investigating interactions between UK horse owners and prescribers of anthelmintics. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 135, 17–27.Google Scholar
Gao, JF, et al. (2014) Comparative analyses of the complete mitochondrial genomes of the two ruminant hookworms. Bunostomum trigonocephalum and Bunostomum phlebotomum. Gene 541, 92–100.Google Scholar
Gao, Y, et al. (2017) Mitochondrial DNA evidence supports the hypothesis that Triodontophorus species belong to Cyathostominae. Frontiers in Microbiology 8, 1444. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01444.Google Scholar
Gasser, RB, et al. (2008) Toward practical, DNA-based diagnostic methods for parasitic nematodes of livestock—bionomic and biotechnological implications. Biotechnology Advances 26, 325–334.Google Scholar
Guindon, S and Gascuel, O (2003) A simple, fast, and accurate algorithm to estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood. Systematic Biology 52, 696–704.Google Scholar
Ismail, AA, et al. (2016) A survey of seasonal gastrointestinal parasitic infections in donkeys from a semiarid sub-Saharan region, Sudan. Journal of Pathogens 2016, 4602751. doi: 10.1155/2016/4602751.Google Scholar
Jabbar, A, et al. (2014) The mitochondrial genome of Parascaris univalens - implications for a “forgotten” parasite. Parasites & Vectors 7, 428. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-428.Google Scholar
Jex, AR, et al. (2008) The mitochondrial genome of Toxocara canis. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2(8), e273. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000273.Google Scholar
Katoh, K and Standley, DM (2013) MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30, 772–780.Google Scholar
Kim, T, et al. (2014) Phylogeny of Rhigonematomorpha based on the complete mitochondrial genome of Rhigonema thysanophora (Nematoda: Chromadorea). Zoologica Scripta 43, 289–303.Google Scholar
Lin, RQ, et al. (2012) Oesophagostomum dentatum and Oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum: characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome sequences of the two pig nodule worms. Experimental Parasitology 131, 1–7.Google Scholar
Liu, GH, et al. (2012) Comparative analyses of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum from humans and pigs. Gene 492, 110–116.Google Scholar
Liu, GH, et al. (2013) The complete mitochondrial genomes of three parasitic nematodes of birds: a unique gene order and insights into nematode phylogeny. BMC Genomics 14, 414. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-414.Google Scholar
Lowe, TM and Eddy, SR (1997) tRNAscan-SE: a program for improved detection of transfer RNA genes in genomic sequence. Nucleic Acids Research 25, 955–964.Google Scholar
Morsy, K, et al. (2016) Description of two equine nematodes, Parascaris equorum Goeze 1782 and Habronema microstoma Schneider 1866 from the domestic horse Equus ferus caballus (Family: Equidae) in Egypt. Parasitology Research 115, 4299–4306.Google Scholar
Nielsen, MK, et al. (2014) Parascaris univalens—a victim of large-scale misidentification? Parasitology Research 113, 4485–4490.Google Scholar
Page, RDM (1996) Tree View: an application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers. Bioinformatics 12, 357–358.Google Scholar
Park, JK, et al. (2011) Monophyly of clade III nematodes is not supported by phylogenetic analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences. BMC Genomics 12, 392. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-392.Google Scholar
Ronquist, F and Huelsenbeck, JP (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19, 1572–1574.Google Scholar
Talavera, G and Castresana, J (2007) Improvement of phylogenies after removing divergent and ambiguously aligned blocks from protein sequence alignments. Systematic Biology 56, 564–577.Google Scholar
Tavassoli, M, Yamchi, JA and Hajipour, N (2016) A survey on the prevalence of strongyles species in working donkeys in North-West of Iran. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40, 1210–1212.Google Scholar
Taylor, MA, Coop, RL and Wall, RL (2007) Veterinary parasitology. 3rd edn. Oxford, Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
Thompson, JD, et al. (1997) The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research 25, 4876–4882.Google Scholar
Van Beneden, E (1884) Recherches sur la maturation de l'oeuf et la fécondation: Ascaris megalocephala. Archives De Biologie 4, 265–640.Google Scholar
Xie, Y, et al. (2011) The mitochondrial genome of Baylisascaris procyonis. PLoS ONE 6(10), e27066. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027066.Google Scholar
Xu, WW, et al. (2015) The complete mitochondrial genome of Strongylus equinus (Chromadorea: Strongylidae): comparison with other closely related species and phylogenetic analyses. Experimental Parasitology 159, 94–99.Google Scholar
Zhang, Y, et al. (2015) The complete mitochondrial genome of Oxyuris equi: comparison with other closely related species and phylogenetic implications. Experimental Parasitology 159, 215–221.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Gao et al. supplementary material

Table S1

Download Gao et al. supplementary material(File)
File 28.7 KB