Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 July 2014
We investigate the motion of high-Reynolds-number gravity currents (GCs) in a horizontal channel of V-shaped cross-section combining lock-exchange experiments and a theoretical model. While all previously published experiments in V-shaped channels were performed with the special configuration of the full-depth lock, we present the first part-depth experiment results. A fixed volume of saline, that was initially of length   $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}x_0$  and height
 $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}x_0$  and height   $h_0$  in a lock and embedded in water of height
 $h_0$  in a lock and embedded in water of height   $H_0$  in a long tank, was released from rest and the propagation was recorded over a distance of typically
 $H_0$  in a long tank, was released from rest and the propagation was recorded over a distance of typically   $ 30 x_0$ . In all of the tested cases the current displays a slumping stage of constant speed
 $ 30 x_0$ . In all of the tested cases the current displays a slumping stage of constant speed   $u_N$  over a significant distance
 $u_N$  over a significant distance   $x_S$ , followed by a self-similar stage up to the distance
 $x_S$ , followed by a self-similar stage up to the distance   $x_V$ , where transition to the viscous regime occurs. The new data and insights of this study elucidate the influence of the height ratio
 $x_V$ , where transition to the viscous regime occurs. The new data and insights of this study elucidate the influence of the height ratio   $H = H_0/h_0$  and of the initial Reynolds number
 $H = H_0/h_0$  and of the initial Reynolds number   ${\mathit{Re}}_0 = (g^{\prime }h_0)^{{{1/2}}} h_0/ \nu $ , on the motion of the triangular GC;
 ${\mathit{Re}}_0 = (g^{\prime }h_0)^{{{1/2}}} h_0/ \nu $ , on the motion of the triangular GC;   $g^{\prime }$  and
 $g^{\prime }$  and   $\nu $  are the reduced gravity and kinematic viscosity coefficient, respectively. We demonstrate that the speed of propagation
 $\nu $  are the reduced gravity and kinematic viscosity coefficient, respectively. We demonstrate that the speed of propagation   $u_N$  scaled with
 $u_N$  scaled with   $(g^{\prime } h_0)^{{{1/2}}}$  increases with
 $(g^{\prime } h_0)^{{{1/2}}}$  increases with   $H$ , while
 $H$ , while   $x_S$  decreases with
 $x_S$  decreases with   $H$ , and
 $H$ , and   $x_V \sim [{\mathit{Re}}_0(h_0/x_0)]^{{4/9}}$ . The initial propagation in the triangle is 50 % more rapid than in a standard flat-bottom channel under similar conditions. Comparisons with theoretical predictions show good qualitative agreements and fair quantitative agreement; the major discrepancy is an overpredicted
 $x_V \sim [{\mathit{Re}}_0(h_0/x_0)]^{{4/9}}$ . The initial propagation in the triangle is 50 % more rapid than in a standard flat-bottom channel under similar conditions. Comparisons with theoretical predictions show good qualitative agreements and fair quantitative agreement; the major discrepancy is an overpredicted   $u_N$ , similar to that observed in the standard flat bottom case.
 $u_N$ , similar to that observed in the standard flat bottom case.