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Particle–fluid–wall interaction of inertial spherical particles in a turbulent boundary layer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2020

Lucia J. Baker Open the ORCID record for Lucia J. Baker [Opens in a new window]  and
Filippo Coletti Open the ORCID record for Filippo Coletti [Opens in a new window]
Lucia J. Baker*
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455, USA St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55414, USA
Filippo Coletti
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455, USA St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55414, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: bake0616@umn.edu
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Abstract

We study the dynamics of dilute, slightly negatively buoyant, millimetre-size spherical particles fully suspended in a smooth-wall open channel flow. The Reynolds number is $Re_{\tau } = 570$ and the particle Stokes number is ${{\textit {St}}}^{+} = 15$. Particle image velocimetry and tracking are used to obtain simultaneous, time-resolved flow fields and particle trajectories. Particles travel at a lower mean velocity than the fluid: in the log layer this is due to the oversampling of slow fluid regions, but closer to the wall the cause is instantaneous slip between particles and fluid. The particle Reynolds stresses exceed those of the fluid. Near the wall, the particle streamwise diffusivity is larger than the momentum diffusivity, while the opposite is true for the wall-normal component. The particle transport is strongly linked to ejections, while the role of sweeps is marginal, and there is no evidence of turbophoresis. The concentration profile follows a power law with a shallower slope than predicted by equilibrium theories that neglect particle inertia. Upward-/downward-moving particles display positive/negative mean streamwise acceleration due to the particle–fluid slip. The particles that contact the wall are faster than the local fluid both before reaching the wall and after leaving it. Therefore, they are decelerated by drag and pushed downward by shear-induced lift. The durations of wall contact follow exponential distributions with characteristic time scale close to the particle response time. Lift-offs coincide with particles meeting a fluid ejection. These observations emphasize the competing effects of inertia and gravity.

JFM classification

Geophysical and Geological Flows: Sediment transport Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow Turbulent Flows: Turbulent boundary layers
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 908 , 10 February 2021 , A39
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

‡

Present address: Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.

References

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